Lymphatic System II

Question 1

Diffuse lymphatic tissue is found in the mucous membranes of the _____ and _____
systems.

Answer 1

respiratory; digestive

Question 2

_____ are groups of lymphatic cells which have clear boundaries but which are not
protected by a capsule. When these are located in lymph nodes or the spleen, they are
more commonly called _____.

Answer 2

Lymphatic nodules; lymphatic

follicles

Question 3

Lymphatic nodules are found in the _____ of the mucous membranes that line the _____,
_____, _____ and _____ tracts.

Answer 3

lamina propria; gastrointestinal;
reproductive; respiratory;
urinary

Question 4

_____ are several-centimeter wide clusters of lymphatic noduless in the lining of the ileum.

Answer 4

Peyer’s patches

Question 5

The _____ consist of a set of _____ clusters of lymphatic nodules, arranged
in a ring, in the mucosa of the pharynx.

Answer 5

tonsils; seven

Question 6

The _____ are the tonsils found on each side of the pharynx.

Answer 6

palatine

Question 7

The pair of tonsils at the base of the tongue are the _____ tonsils.

Answer 7

lingual

Question 8

The two tonsils in the pharynx that guard the entrance to the pharyngotympanic tube (also
called the auditory tube) are the _____ tonsils.

Answer 8

tubal

Question 9

Encapsulated organs which contain both lymphatic nodules and diffuse lymphatic tissue
are the _____, _____ and _____.

Answer 9

lymph nodes; thymus; spleen

Question 10

The _____ is the tonsil found in the rear wall of the nasopharynx.

Answer 10

adenoid or pharyngeal tonsil

Question 11

Connective tissue projecting into encapsulated lymphatic organs forms _____, which act
as supporting structures.

Answer 11

trabeculae

Question 12

_____ are the small, roughly oval structures that occur along lymphatic vessels.

Answer 12

Lymph nodes

Question 13

Lymph nodes are most abundant where _____ merge.

Answer 13

lymphatic vessels

Question 14

Lymph enters a lymph node through _____ which enter the _____ side of the node.

Answer 14

afferent lymphatic vessels;

convex

Question 15

Lymph leaves a lymph node through _____ which exit within an indentation called the
_____, on the _____ side of the node.

Answer 15

efferent lymphatic vessels;

hilum or hilus; concave

Question 16

In lymph nodes, _____ are strands of reticular fibers around which lymphocytes and
macrophages cluster and which extend from the cortex toward the hilus (hilum).

Answer 16

medullary cords

Question 17

_____ are open spaces within lymph nodes through which lymph flows.

Answer 17

Lymphatic sinuses

Question 18

One of the functions of the lymph nodes is to filter out _____ or _____.

Answer 18

impurities; microorganisms

Question 19

One of the functions of the lymph nodes is to house _____, which destroy _____, _____
and _____.

Answer 19

macrophages; bacteria; toxins;

debris

Question 20

_____ within the lymph nodes screen the lymph as it enters, and differentiate to produce
_____ if an antigen is detected.

Answer 20

B-cells; antibodies

Question 21

B-cells and macrophages proliferate in the _____ of lymph nodes.

Answer 21

cortex or outer layer

Question 22

T-cells are found in lymph nodes, primarily in the _____.

Answer 22

medulla

Question 23

The _____ is a lymphatic organ located between the lungs, immediately anterior to the
heart.

Answer 23

thymus

Question 24

The thymus is largest during _____.

Answer 24

early childhood

Question 25

An individual whose thymus was so small that it could not be found at autopsy was most likely _____.

Answer 25

old

Question 26

The thymus has _____ lobes.

Answer 26

two

Question 27

. Each lobe of the thymus is surrounded by a(n) _____.

Answer 27

capsule

Question 28

_____ are the divisions within the thymic lobe produced by inward extensions of the capsule

Answer 28

Lobules

Question 29

Each thymic lobule has two distinct regions: the _____ and the _____.

Answer 29

cortex; medulla

Question 29

The major function of the thymus is to produce _____.

Answer 29

mature T lymphocytes (or | mature T-cells)

Question 29

The largest lymphatic organ is the _____.

Answer 29

spleen

Question 29

Blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels enter the spleen through the _____, which is on the upper surface

Answer 29

hilus or hilum

Question 29

Reticular fibers and lymphocytes in the spleen form nodules which resemble those of lymph nodes and which are called _____.

Answer 29

white pulp

Question 29

The lymphocytes which are found in the thymus are almost exclusively _____.

Answer 29

T-cells or T lymphocytes

Question 29

. _____ are rounded clusters of cells composed of epithelium; their function is unknown.

Answer 29

``` Thymic corpuscles (or Hassall's corpuscles ```

Question 29

The blood vessels that supply the thymus are surrounded by _____ which limit the access of immature T-cells to antigens.

Answer 29

epithelioreticular cells

Question 29

Most of the blood delivered to the spleen does not pass directly from arteries to veins via capillaries, but instead passes through a region of _____ circulation which has no direct connection between the arterial and venous vessels.

Answer 29

open

Question 29

Blood passing the regions in the spleen in which circulation is open enters the venous system by first entering _____.

Answer 29

venous sinuses

Question 29

The venous sinuses within the spleen, together with the associated fibrous network known as the _____, are called _____.

Answer 29

splenic cords; red pulp

Question 29

Splenic cords consist of _____, _____ and _____ which act to filter the blood.

Answer 29

reticular connective tissue; | macrophages; lymphocytes

Question 29

The spleen has five major functions, one of which is to filter the _____.

Answer 29

blood

Question 29

The spleen has five major functions, one of which is to provide a reservoir for _____.

Answer 29

blood

Question 29

The spleen has five major functions, one of which is to provide a location for _____ and _____ to proliferate.

Answer 29

B-cells; T-cells

Question 29

The spleen has five major functions, one of which is to help with the production of _____ during fetal development.

Answer 29

blood cells

Question 29

Although the lymphatic system is nearly as extensive as the circulatory system, lymph capillaries are absent in _____, _____, _____ and the _____. These depend on other routes for lymph drainage.

Answer 29

bones; teeth; bone marrow; | CNS

Question 29

The spleen has five major functions, one of which is to destroy _____ and capture iron and amino acids for recycling.

Answer 29

old RBCs