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Haematology > Lymphoma > Flashcards

Lymphoma Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 layers of a lymph nodes

A

capsule
cortex
paracortex
medulla

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2
Q

what is within the cortex of a lymph node?

A

lymphoid follicals B cell zone

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3
Q

what is within the paracortex of a lymph node?

A

T cell zone

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4
Q

what is within the medulla of a lymph node?

A

where the cords and sinus come together to form the efferent lymphatic system

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5
Q

what 3 things cause enlarged lymph nodes?

A

infection
inflammation (HIV / lupus)
Malignancy

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6
Q

what are the 3 types of chronic lymphadenitis and what causes each?

A

follicular hyperplasia - b cell
patacortical - t cell
granular - TB

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7
Q

What are the two categories of lymphoma?

A

Non hodgkins - 80%

Hodgkins - 20%

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8
Q

What are the three layers that make up lymphoid follicals? and what are the stages of B cell found within?

A

Mantle - mantle cell
germinal centre - centroblast (large)-> centrocyte
marginal zone - marginal zone b cell

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9
Q

What are the types of b cell non hodgkins lymphoma?

A 
niave b cell - small lymphocytic
mantle - mantle cell
centroblast - diffuse large cell
centrocytes - follicular
marginal - marginal zone
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10
Q

what is mycosis fungoides?

A

cutaneous non-hodgkins t cell lymphoma

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11
Q

which are the high grade B cell nonhodgkins lymphomas?

A

diffuse large b cell
mantle cell
these are more aggressive but curable

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12
Q

which are the low grade b cell non-hodgkins lymphoma?

A

small lymphocytic
follicular
marginal zone
these are less aggressive but incurable

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13
Q

How does Non-hodgkins lymphoma present?

A

fever, night sweats and painful lymphadenopathy

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14
Q

What are the two types of hodgkins lymphoma?

A

classical - younger

nodular lymphoma - older

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15
Q

What is the one cell that is always found in hodgkins lymphoma?

A

Reed-sternberg cells - owls eye appearance

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16
Q

how does hodgkins lymphoma present?

A

fever
night sweats
alcohol induced pain

17
Q

what cell is affected in multiple myeloma?

A

plasma cells

18
Q

where are the 4 most common sites to find multiple myeloma?

A

skull, ribs, vertebrae and bone marrow

19
Q

how does multiple myeloma present?

A

back pain
hypercalaemia
anaemia

20
Q

what proteins is found in multiple myeloma?

A

bence-jones proteins

21
Q

what is the treatment of multiple myeloma?

A 
ince fluid intake
bisphosphanates
local radio therapy
EPO
prednisolone
bone marrow transplant

Haematology (7 decks)

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