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History > M of A > Flashcards

M of A Flashcards

1
Q

when did george washington arrive in new york?

A

23rd April 1789

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2
Q

who were the white settlers

A

people who’s families had come to america from europe

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3
Q

what could white settlers claim in america

A

to be citizens if they were free, white and of good character

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4
Q

what were the voting rights of white settlers

A

60-90 percent of white men could vote

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5
Q

what were voting rights of white settlers connected to?

A

owning property

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6
Q

who could not vote in america in 1789?

A

women, non citizens and slaves

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7
Q

who mainly lived in america before the british colonies

A

indian tribes

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8
Q

who had conflict with the indians

A

white settlers

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9
Q

why was there conflict between white settlers and indians

A

if they tried to take their farming land

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10
Q

what were the voting rights of indians in 1789

A

allowed to vote but only if they paid taxes to the US

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11
Q

how did the majority of african americans live in 1789

A

as slaves in the southern states

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12
Q

what were the voting rights of african americans in 1789

A

no rights

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13
Q

who would african americans be owned by

A

white settlers

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14
Q

what did white settlers force african americans to do

A

manual labour

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15
Q

what were states in 1789

A

well populated areas with a settled form of government

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16
Q

what was the government of states like?

A

had their own governmet
governor elected by people living in the state
could make their own laws

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17
Q

what was the condition of states being allowed to make their own laws

A

as long as they didn’t go against the constitution

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18
Q

what could state voters do

A

vote in national elections and send representatives to congress

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19
Q

what was needed for an area to become a state

A

a population of over 60000

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20
Q

what are territories

A

areas of land without enough settlers or stability to become a state

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21
Q

who was each territory ruled by

A

a territorial governor appointed by congress

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22
Q

which were the original 13 states of the USA

A

conneticut
delaware
georgia
maryland
new york
new jersey
massachusetts
new hampshire
north carolina
south caroline
pennsylvania
rhode island
virginia

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23
Q

what were the original 13 states previously

A

british colonies

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24
Q

when were the 13 states handed over

A

after britain lost the wars of independence

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25
Q

who lived on the land that britain handed over to america

A

native americans

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26
Q

who moved to the land after it was given to america

A

white settlers for farming

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27
Q

what was the area north of the ohio river called

A

northwest territory

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28
Q

what was the area to the south of the ohio river called

A

south west territory

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29
Q

when was the battle of fallen timbers

A

1794

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30
Q

what happened at the battle of fallen timbers

A

the US defeated native americans

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31
Q

what were the native american leaders forced to sign in 1794

A

the treaty of greenville

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32
Q

what did the treaty of greenville entail

A

native american had to give up land in the territories

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33
Q

what happened to the land that the US took ownership of in 1794

A

they become full states

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34
Q

which states were formed out of northwestern lands between 1803 and 1819

A

ohio, illinois, michigan

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35
Q

what was the result of the treaty pf greenville for native americans

A

moved further west and across the mississippi river into land owned by other tribes

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36
Q

who did george washington fight against in the northwest

A

native americans

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37
Q

how much of george washington’s government budget was out into campaigns against the native americans

A

80%

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38
Q

why did slaveholders want to expand their businesses further south

A

the climate was warmer for cotton growing

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39
Q

when did the government arrange the louisiana purchase

A

1803

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40
Q

when did thomas jefferson become the third president of the US

A

1801-1809

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41
Q

what was thomas jefferson determined to do

A

open new land routes across the continent

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42
Q

what did jefferson do in 1803

A

wished to buy the important port of new orleans from the french

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43
Q

how much did louisiana sell for

A

15 million

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44
Q

how many acres is louisiana

A

530 million

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45
Q

what happened between 1790 and 1838

A

thousands of slave plantations were set up in the new territories

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46
Q

when was slavery being phased out in the seven most northwestern states

A

1789

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47
Q

what did phasing out slavery in the 7 northwest states cause

A

political split and divisions

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48
Q

what did abolitionists want

A

slavery to end altogether

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49
Q

when was the cotton gin invented

A

1793

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50
Q

what did the cotton gin do

A

processed cotton 50 times faster

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51
Q

which states in america were discovered between 1789 and 1838

A

vermont
kentucky
tennessee
ohio
indiana
mississippi
illinois
alabama
florida

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52
Q

who was given the task to explore new lands

A

merriweather lewis and william clark

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53
Q

when did lewis and clark set out

A

may 1804

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54
Q

who acted as the guide for lewis and clark

A

sacagawea

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55
Q

where did lewis and clark travel through

A

followed missouri river
into rocky mountains
to the pacific coast

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56
Q

who was sacagawea and what was their importance

A

a woman
guided them and showed they got on well with native americans

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57
Q

what did lewis and clark’s exploration lead to

A

a further expansion in the fur trade
encouraged other trades to head west

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58
Q

who used lewis and clark’s route and for what

A

fur traders for beaver furs for sale in europe

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59
Q

who became worried about slavery in the early 1800s

A

southern whites

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60
Q

what happened in 1803 (slavery)

A

successful slave revolt in the caribbean island of st dominique

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61
Q

what happened in january 1811

A

charles deslondes organised a revolt in the south but it was brutally crushed

62
Q

what did northern business owners think of slavery

A

unfair competition for their factories
old fashioned

63
Q

what did white people in the south think of white northerners

A

northern business owners were greedy and morally corrupt
powerful north threat to their way of life

64
Q

what did slaves count as in the population

A

3/5 of a person

65
Q

where did the big plantations thrive

A

the southern states

66
Q

which christian groups spoke out againsts slavery

A

quaker’s and methodists

67
Q

what did religious groups in the south preach

A

god made black people to serve white people

68
Q

what could each state elect

A

senators and representatives in congress

69
Q

what was the result of a state having a larger population

A

the more a state could influence the politics of the country

70
Q

what did the men that drew up the constitution fear

A

removing slavery would ruin many southern slave holders and lead to rebellions in the south

71
Q

how did colonial expansion spread across america quickly

A

new areas in southwest cáame under us control and had fertile land for cotton growing
increase demand so slave traders prurchased enslaved people from old slave states and marched them to the deep south
slave traders made vast profits - 1000 dollars per slave
led to kidnapping of free black people in the north

72
Q

how did the pushing system grow

A

the pickers needed to keep up with the speed of the cotton gin engine
pushing system developed by plantation owners to work workers as hard as possible
fastest pickers at front of line and set the pace for the rest of workers

73
Q

how did the cotton gin work

A

cotton gin engine removed seeds by machine
before this seeds were removed by hand - 50 x slower
allowed plantations to grow cotton on a massive scale

74
Q

how did the missouri compromise spread slavery

A

missouri and any states to its south could be slave states
for every slave state there was a free state

75
Q

how was the new slave state of missouri balanced

A

free state of maine joined the us in 1820

76
Q

when was the disagreement over whether new states should allow slavery

A

1819

77
Q

how did the louisiana purchase increase slavery

A

acquired vast areas of land perfect for cotton growing
by 1819 land west of mississippi river became louisiana alabama and mississippi
this area became known as cotton kingdom

78
Q

who was part of the cotton kingdom

A

luisiana
alabama
mississippi
georgia
south carolina
north carolina

79
Q

how many us exports were cotton by 1820

A

42%

80
Q

who created the cotton gin engine

A

eli whitney

81
Q

when was the cotton gin engine created

A

1793

82
Q

what factors caused slavery to spread across the south

A

new lands
economic reasons
major events

83
Q

when was charles deslondes rebellion

A

january 1811

84
Q

what was charles deslondes rebellion

A

revolt in the deep south

85
Q

what was the response to deslondes rebellion

A

in two days the armed forces regained control and rebels were arrested or killed

86
Q

how many rebels were killed after deslondes rebellion

A

25

87
Q

what happened to the 25 killed in deslondes rebellion

A

heads placed on sticks on riverbank as a warning to others

88
Q

what happened to deslondes after the rebellion

A

hands were cut off
he was shot and set on fire

89
Q

what did the northerners think of the deslondes rebellion

A

proved slavery relied on violence to keep workers under control
but also feared consequences of if free slaves won te right to vote

90
Q

when did the number of abolitionists increase

A

first half of the 19th century

91
Q

what were the divisions amongst abolitionists

A

most believed slavery was simply wrong and should be ended peacefully
some disliked the power it gave to south
some called or immediate emancipation
some wanted freedom to be gradual
some wanted to free slaves and send all black americans to africa
some wanted to send free slaves to africa
some believed black people didnt belong in american society

92
Q

who depended on slave labour for their large profits

A

owners of large cotton , tobacco or rice plantations in the south

93
Q

how much of the population was slave holders

A

25 percent

94
Q

which reasons did people rely on slavery

A

for profits
for living without being plantation owners
northern factories and other businesses profitable

95
Q

what did cotton and other goods made by slaves help

A

make northern factories and other businesses profitable too

96
Q

who was the president between 1829 and 1837

A

andrew jackson, a southerner

97
Q

how did andrew jackson use his political power to spread slavery

A

allowed banks to lend large sums to cotton investors , opening the cotton business up

98
Q

when was the experiment of civilising native american nations

A

1790s

99
Q

what was the experiment of civilising native american nations

A

washington saw native american societies as inferior
persuaded them to live like white people
choctaws , chichasaws and seminoles opened schools and churches

100
Q

what was the result of civilising native american nations

A

conflict with plantation owners who tried to take plain indians land

101
Q

when was the settlement of seminole and creek lands

A

1790s

102
Q

what was the settlement of seminole and creek lands

A

white settlers built plantations and farms across these lands
white americans eg benjamin hawkins worked with creeks to and learnt their language to teach them american culture

103
Q

what was the impact of settlement of seminole and creek lands

A

the tribes waged war on the settlers to avoid being overrun

104
Q

when were the attacks on creeks

A

1814

105
Q

what were the attacks on creeks

A

a white american army led by andrew jackson defeated the creeks

106
Q

what was the effect of attack on creeks

A

in 1914 forced to sign over 23 million acres of land to andrew jackson

107
Q

when was the indian removal act

A

1830

108
Q

who ran the indian removal act

A

andrew jackson

109
Q

what were the terms of the indian removal act

A

land in the west was set aside for indians who moved from the easy
indian tribes could voluntarily sign up for it

110
Q

what was the reality of the terms of the indian removal act

A

the native american tribes were pressurised into signing

111
Q

when was the trail of tears

A

1838

112
Q

what was the trail of tears

A

cherokee had refused to move west
army forced remaining 18000 to march west
over 4000 died of cold hunger or disease

113
Q

how did the seminole react to the indian removal act

A

many moved however some with a different chief stayed

led to several wars with the us resulting in them all moving west

114
Q

how did the creek respond to the indian removal act

A

many refused to move
complained to government in alabama when whites settled on their land
government sided with settlers

115
Q

what was the cherokee trail of tears

A

7000 army troops forced them into concentration camps and on a forced march but many died on the journey

116
Q

how were buffalo horns used

A

arrow straighteners
spoons
clips
arrows
powder flasks

117
Q

how was buffalo skulls used

A

painted and used in religious rituals

118
Q

how was buffalo tongue used

A

hair brush

119
Q

how was buffalo fur used

A

blankets, mittens, saddle covers

120
Q

how was buffalo hai used

A

string, stuffing for pillows and saddles

121
Q

how was buffalo bones used

A

knives, sledge runners

122
Q

how was buffalo hooves used

A

glue, tools

123
Q

how was buffalo ribs used

A

sledges for children in winter

124
Q

how was buffalo intestines used

A

buckets
cooking vessels

125
Q

how was buffalo fat used

A

soap

126
Q

how were buffalo tendons used

A

strings, cord , sewing thread

127
Q

how was buffalo bladder used

A

food bags

128
Q

how was buffalo dung used

A

fuel

129
Q

how was buffalo tail used

A

ornaments

130
Q

how was buffalo raw hide used

A

made into bags harnesses and shields

131
Q

how was buffalo tanned hide used

A

robes, tipi covers, bags, shoes, leggings

132
Q

what are nomads

A

people that have no set home

133
Q

who did plains indians lives revolve around

A

the buffalo

134
Q

where did plains indians live

A

temporary villages which moved easily to follow herd of buffalo

135
Q

plains indians men

A

skilled horsemen and members of warrior societies

136
Q

what did the plains indians believe

A

the great spirit ruled over the earth and all living thing had their own spirits

137
Q

what did each plains indian tribe have

A

it’s own language and distinctive culture

138
Q

what did buffalo blood provide

A

liquid when no water was to be found

139
Q

what did the lakota perform

A

a buffalo dance before a hunt which could last several days
it called to the spirit world for a successful hunt

140
Q

how many hunts a year provided a small lakota band with enough food to survive

A

a few a year

141
Q

what kind of housing did lakota families live in

A

tipi made of buffalo hides stretched over wooden poles

142
Q

lakota men’s roles

A

hunting
fought
looked after the horses

143
Q

lakota women’s roles

A

prepared food
crafting items from buffalo
ensuring the tipi was built or dismantled on time

144
Q

role of lakota children

A

didn’t go to school
prepared for their adult roles by parents and wider family

145
Q

roles of old lakota

A

respected for wisdom
when too old or weak left to die

146
Q

what was the belief that all living things had their own spirit called

A

great spirit wakan tanka

147
Q

what shape was important in lakota culture

A

circles

148
Q

how were circles shown in lakota culture

A

surrounded by circle of the horizon
lives determined by the sun and moon
circular nature of seasons
circle of life

149
Q

what did the lakota believe about the land

A

all living things came from the land
when they died they would return to the land
no one could own the land
farming was disrespectful

150
Q

what was each band made up of

A

10 to 50 families

151
Q

leaders of lakota

A

no individual leader of all the tribes
each band or tribe chose a leader who they felt would lead them well

152
Q

government treaties with lakota

A

some tribes would follow the treaties and some wouldn’t

History (18 decks)

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