M-Supplemental Notes

Question 1

What is the concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+ cation dissolved in water described as?

Answer 1

Hardness of Water

Question 2

__ and ___ are two cations that are essential for humans and other living organisms.

Answer 2

Ca2+ and Mg2+

Question 3

It is vital to control the 2 cations’ presence in drinking water and water for industrial use because of the __ ___ of their presence.

Answer 3

practical consequences

Question 4

Calcium and Magnesium form insoluble compounds with ___ ___ cumulatively termed lime.

Answer 4

carbonated anions

Question 5

Determining the hardness is therefore a necessary test as measure of ___ ___ for domestic and industrial use.

Answer 5

water quality

Question 6

If there are too many of these ions, it can lead to the formation of ____ inside electrodomestic appliances making them less efficient.

Answer 6

limescale

Question 7

Water which is too rich in Ca2+ also makes soaps ___, making household detergents less foamy.

Answer 7

precipitate

Question 8

____ is a property of water that is not a health concern, but it can be a nuisance.

Answer 8

Hardness

Question 9

Hard water can cause ___ ___ in plumbing, fixtures, and water heaters, and poor performance of soaps and detergents.

Answer 9

mineral buildup

Question 10

___ and ___ go hand in hand.

Answer 10

Oxidation and Reduction

Question 11

___ ___ happens from one atom to another.

Answer 11

Electron transfer

Question 12

These salts are yellow to yellow/orange solids that are moderately soluble in water and dilute acids.

Answer 12

Ceric Sulfate

Question 13

Its ___ solutions slowly decompose, depositing the light yellow oxide CeO2.

Answer 13

neutral

Question 14

What color do solutions of ceric sulfate have?

Answer 14

strong yellow color

Question 15

At what temperature does the tetrahydrate loses water?

Answer 15

180-200 C

Question 16

Ceric Sulfate is used in analytical chemistry for ___ titration.

Answer 16

redox

Question 17

Ceric Sulfate is a strong ____ ____ and more stable than standard permanganate solution.

Answer 17

oxidizing agent

Question 18

___ ____ provides the iron needed by the body to produce red blood cells.

Answer 18

Ferrous sulfate

Question 19

Ferous sulfate is used to treat or prevent ______ ___.

Answer 19

iron-deficiency anemia

Question 20

This is a condition that occurs when the body has too few RBC because of pregnancy, poor diet, excess bleeding, or other medical problems.

Answer 20

iron-deficiency anemia

Question 21

What are the pharmaceutical uses of ferrous sulfate?

Answer 21

hematinic
anti-anemia
treatment for iron-deficiency anemia

Question 22

___ is a moderately weak oxidizing agent.

Answer 22

Iodine

Question 23

Iodine is reduce to form the ____ ___.

Answer 23

iodide anion

Question 24

In _____ titrations, the analyte (a reducing agent) reacts with iodine to produce iodide.

Answer 24

Iodimetric Titrations

Question 25

In ____ titrations, the analyte (an oxidizing agent) reacts with an unmeasured excess of iodide to produce iodine.

Answer 25

Iodometric Titrations

Question 26

___ ___ is not very soluble in water.

Answer 26

Solid iodine

Question 27

Iodine solutions are usually prepared by dissolving the solid in the presence of ___ ____.

Answer 27

potassium iodide

Question 28

Due to the reaction of iodine and iodide to produce triiodide ion, solid iodine is ____ in solutions of iodide salts.

Answer 28

soluble

Question 29

Is most of the dissolved iodine present as iodine?

Answer 29

No, because it is actually present as triiodide.

Question 30

Sodium thiosulfate is typically available as a ____ or ____ ____

Answer 30

white or colorless pentahydrate

Question 31

Sodium thiosulfate is a solid in an ______ crystalline substance that dissolves well in water.

Answer 31

efflorescent

Question 32

What is sodium thiosulfate also called?

Answer 32

hyposulfite or hypo

Question 33

Sodium thiosulfate is also used as an antidote to ____ ____.

Answer 33

cyanide poisoning