M1 L3 Flashcards
(9 cards)
1
Q
types of mutations
A
- point mutations
- substitutions
- InDels
- large scale rearrangement
- mobile genetic element insertion
2
Q
DNA proofreading
A
- DNA lil checks every base pair
- when mistakes are detected it backs up and removes incorrect base
- DNA synthesis resumes
3
Q
proofreading importance
A
- reduces frequency of spontaneous mutation
- in mice, lack causes increased mutation and premature aging
4
Q
inherent accuracy of DNA pol
A
~1 in 10^5 mistakes
5
Q
proofreading accuracy
A
corrects 99% of DNA Pol mistakes
6
Q
MMR accuracy
A
corrects 99% of proofreading mistakes
7
Q
Spontaneous mistakes
A
1 in 10^9
8
Q
Tautomerisation
A
- change in cytosine
- causes C-G to T-A mutations
9
Q
Deamination of Cytosine
A
cytosine becomes uracil
Causes C-G to U-A to T-A mutations
