M1S3

Question 1

Refers to the mental processes and activities related to acquiring, processing, and using information. it involves thinking, perceiving, remembering, problem solving, and decision making.

Answer 1

Cognition

Question 2

is how our minds work to understand and interact with the world around us. it encompasses everything we do with out thoughts and knowledge.

Answer 2

Cognition

Question 3

The Johari Window (4)

Answer 3

1. Open Self
2. Blind self
3. Hidden self
4. Unknown self

Question 4

Information about you that both you and others know.

Answer 4

Open Self

(Known to others) (Know to self)

Question 5

Information you don’t know but others do know.

Answer 5

Blind self

(Known to others) (Unknown to self)

Question 6

Information that you know but others dont know

Answer 6

Hidden self

(Unknown to others) (Known to self)

Question 7

information about you that neither you not others know

Answer 7

Unknown self

(Unknown to others) (Unknown to self)

Question 8

His concept of the self is deeply intertwined with his concept of human mind.

Answer 8

Sigmund feud

Question 9

Some of Freud’s works that are related to the
self (2)

Answer 9

1. The id, ego and superego
2. Conscious, preconscious and unconscious mind.

Question 10

Freud’s Model of the mind posits three components. (explain each)

Answer 10

the Id, ego and super ego.

1. id - (Instinctual desire) (want something right away)
2. ego- (mediates between id and the external world) (balance between id wants and what reality allows)
3. superego (internalized moral standards) (know what is right or wrong)

Question 11

Freud also divided the mind into three levels of awareness. (Explain)

Answer 11

conscious, preconscious and unconscious mind.

1. Conscious mind (Current thoughts, feeling and awareness) (your present mental focus) (This is what you’re thinking or feeling right now.)
2. Preconscious mind (Info below awareness but easily accessed.) (Memories just under the surface) (This is information that you’re not thinking about at the moment, but you can easily remember.)
3. Unconscious mind (Hidden thought, emotions, memories) (shapes behavior, often from repressed issues) (This part holds hidden thoughts and feelings that you are not aware of.)

Question 12

He believed the self is dynamic

Answer 12

William James

Question 13

He’s concept of the self is characterized by its dynamism and lack of a fixed, unchanging core self.

Answer 13

William James

Question 14

He emphasized the continuous flow of consciousness and the distinction between the subjective “I” and the objective “Me” (He said our thoughts are like a stream that’s always flowing (always moving and changing).

Answer 14

William James

Question 15

The Self According to William James:

the “______” represents the subjective self, the entity that experience thoughts and feelings as they occur. (The”______” is the part of you that is aware and experiencing things right now — like your thoughts, feelings, and actions.)

Answer 15

“I”

Question 16

The Self According to William James:

The “________” represent the objective self, the self we think about and reflect upon. (The “________” is the part of you that you can observe and describe — like your name, age, personality, and roles.)

Answer 16

“Me”

Question 17

the material self
the social self
the spiritual self

Answer 17

“Me”

Question 18

The pure ego

Answer 18

“I”

Question 19

believed the self is complex and dynamic and includes an individual’s self concept, real self, ideal self and the relationship between these aspect. (believed the self is made of how you see yourself now (real self), who you want to be (ideal self), and how well these two match.)

Answer 19

Carl Rogers

Question 20

believed that every individual has a self-concept, which is a mental and emotional representation of how they see themselves. (Self-concept is how you think and feel about yourself — it’s your personal view of who you are.)

Answer 20

Carl rogers

Question 21

is formed through interactions with others and influences an individuals thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. it includes belief about one’s abilities, values and identity.

Answer 21

Self-concept

Question 22

The Self According to Carl Rogers

is who an individual actually is, including their strengths, weaknesses and current experiences.

Answer 22

The real self

Question 23

The Self According to Carl Rogers:

is the person an individual wishes to become, often influenced by societal expectations and cultural norms.

Answer 23

The ideal self

Question 24

proposed that psychological problems arise when there is a significant discrepancy between the real self and the ideal self.

Answer 24

Carl rogers.

Question 25

The Self According to Carl Rogers: this "__________" can lead to feeling of anxiety, frustration, and inner conflict. the greater the gap between the real and ideal selves, the more significant the psychological distress

Answer 25

Incongruence

Question 26

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs (5)

Answer 26

1. Self-actualization 2. Esteem 3. Love and belongings 4. Safety 5. Physiological

Question 27

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs: → These are basic survival needs like food, water, air, sleep. → You must meet these first before anything else.

Answer 27

Physiological

Question 28

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs: → Once your body’s needs are met, you want to feel safe and secure. → This includes shelter, health, job security, and protection.

Answer 28

Safety needs

Question 29

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs: → After safety, people want to feel loved and connected. → This includes family, friends, and relationships.

Answer 29

Love and belonging

Question 30

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs: → Once we feel loved, we want to feel respected and confident. → This includes self-respect, achievement, and recognition from others.

Answer 30

Esteem needs

Question 31

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs: → This is the desire to grow, reach full potential, and become the best version of yourself. → It’s about creativity, purpose, and personal growth.

Answer 31

Self-actualization

Question 32

"________" and "__________" are important components within Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Answer 32

Self-Concept and Self-esteem

Question 33

Remember:

Answer 33

As individual progress up the hierarchy , they satisfy more basic needs such as safety, love and esteem. satisfying these needs can contribute to a positive self-concept and high self-esteem.

Question 34

Maslow introduced the concept of "_____________" which are moments of intense joy, creativity and fulfillment. these experiences often occurs when individuals are self-actualizing and fully engaged in activities align their true selves. are moments when the self feels most alive and authentic.

Answer 34

Peak Experience

Question 35

Maslow suggested that self-actualized individuals have a unique way of perceiving the world, which he referred to as "_________" this is characterized by a deep appreciation of the present moment, a sense of interconnectedness with others and the world, and a profound understanding of one's own identity and potential.

Answer 35

Being-cognition

Question 36

Contemporary studies on the self (7)

Answer 36

1. Self-concept theory 2. self-esteem theory 3. self-regulation theory 4. self-identity theory 5. Narrative identity theory 6. cultural and cross cultural perspective 7. neuroscientific perspectives

Question 37

Current Psychological Perspective: Understanding how individuals perceive themselves based on beliefs and experiences.

Answer 37

Self-concept

Question 38

Current Psychological Perspective: Examining the impact of self-worth evaluations on various aspects of life.

Answer 38

Self-esteem theory

Question 39

Current Psychological Perspective: Investigating self-control and adaptive behavior in goal achievement.

Answer 39

Self-regulation theory

Question 40

Current Psychological Perspective: Emphasizing the influence of social groups on self-identity.

Answer 40

Social identity theory

Question 41

Current Psychological Perspective: Highlighting the role of personal life stories in shaping one's sense of self.

Answer 41

Narrative identity theory

Question 42

Current Psychological Perspective: Considering how culture shapes self-construal and identity.

Answer 42

Cultural and crosscultural perspectives

Question 43

Current Psychological Perspective: Exploring the neural basis of self-awareness and self-perception in the brain.

Answer 43

Neuroscientific perspectives