M2 Topic 1, 2: Organisation and Cells of the Nervous system

Question 1

The structural categorising of the nervous system

Answer 1

Central nervous system (CNS)

• Nervous tissue (neural tissue)
• Brain + Spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

• Sensory nervous system
• Motor nervous system (MNS)
  
  • Somatic nervous system (SNS)
  • Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
    ○ Sympathetic nervous system
    ○ Parasympathetic nervous system
• Enteric nervous system (ENS)

Question 2

Functions of the nervous system

Answer 2

Works to allow body to carry processes, ranges from seeing, smelling, touch, to problem solving, navigating others emotions.

• Sensation
• Integration
• Motor

Question 3

Sensation

Answer 3

Detecting all different types of sensory stimuli changes in environment that occur and sending those messages to the CNS

Question 4

Integration

Answer 4

CNS integrates information from all parts of the body

Question 5

Motor

Answer 5

Output, response

Question 6

Cells of the nervous system

Answer 6

• Neurons
• Glial cells

Question 7

Neurons

Answer 7

• Functional cells of NS with regards to sending messages
• Done by generating electrical impulses called action potentials

Question 8

Action potentials

Answer 8

Allow body to transmit information to and from CNS

• Also transmitted between neurons within the brain, allowing us to carry out higher order functions such as thinking

Question 9

Glial cells

Answer 9

Supporting cells for neurons

• Nourish and protect neurons, as well as physically supporting them
• Support function of neurons by helping them efficiently and effectively transmit AP’s

Question 10

Types of glial cells

Answer 10

• Schwann cells
• Oligodendrocytes
• Astrocytes
• Ependymal cells