M3

Question 1

Most rapid method of decalcification?

Answer 1

Electrolytic Method

Question 2

Specimens excluded in Decalcification? (LAG BC)

Answer 2

Liver
Appendix
Gallbladder
Brest mass
Cervix

Question 3

Thickness of Bone specimen?

Answer 3

1-3 mm

Question 4

Remedy for EDTA?

Answer 4

Magnesium chloride

Question 5

(T or F) Decalcification is a mandatory step.

Answer 5

False. It is not.

Question 6

Most common method of decalcification?

Answer 6

Use of acid

Question 7

Done by bending or pricking and probing the tissue
with needle

Answer 7

Physical Method or Mechanical

Question 8

Mandatory step in tx processing

Answer 8

Dehydration

Question 9

Removal of calcium ions or lime salts from the organic extracellular matrix, calcified collagen and surrounding tissues of bones

Answer 9

Decalcification

Question 10

Removal of intercellular and extracellular water from tissues after fixation and prior to wax impregnation

Answer 10

Dehydration

Question 11

A fast-acting dehydrating agent

Answer 11

Acetone

Question 12

Acts as a double purpose as fixative and dehydrating agent?

Answer 12

Acetone
Alcohol

Question 13

Removal of excess decalcifying agents after decalcification

Answer 13

Post Decalcification

Question 14

Easiest method of testing for the completeness of decalcification?

Answer 14

Bubble Test

Question 15

Used for routine dehydration

Answer 15

Ethyl Alcohol or Ethanol

Question 16

May cause conjunctival irritation. A skin and eye irritant.

Answer 16

Tetrahydrofuran (THF)

Question 17

Decomposes upon exposure to sunlight

Answer 17

Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether a.k.a. Cellosolve

Question 18

Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether (Cellosolve) is toxix to: (BURF)

Answer 18

Bloody Systems
Urinary
Reproductive
Fetal

Question 19

Most reliable and accurate method of testing for the completeness of decalcification?

Answer 19

X-ray or Radiologic Method

Question 20

Double purpose of Perenyi’s Nitric Acid

Answer 20

Decalcifying agent
Tissue Softener

Question 21

Most recommended fixative prior to decalcification, except for bone marrow?

Answer 21

Buffered Formalin

Question 22

Optimal temperature for Nitric Acid is?

Answer 22

18-30 degrees Celsius

Question 23

Optimal temperature for Nitric Acid?

Answer 23

18-30 degrees Celsius

Question 24

Disadvantages of using EDTA in Decalcification?

Answer 24

• Inactivates alkaline phosphatase activity
• Changing of solution every 3 days (expensive)

Question 25

Most rapid nitric containing acid?

Answer 25

Phloroglucin Nitric

Question 26

A medium used in the process of infiltration?

Answer 26

Paraffin Wax

Question 27

Acts as a double purpose as Dehydrating agent and Clearing Agent? (TDT)

Answer 27

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) Diethylene dioxide (Dioxane) Tertiary butanol / Tertiary alcohol

Question 28

Also called amyl alcohol?

Answer 28

Pentanol

Question 29

Recommended for plant and animal microtechniques?

Answer 29

Butyl Alcohol

Question 30

Extremely slow clearing agent?

Answer 30

Cedarwood Oil

Question 31

Routine clearing agent because it is fast acting?

Answer 31

Xylene

Question 32

A clearing agent that is suited for urgent biopsies?

Answer 32

Benzene

Question 33

A substitute clearing agent for Xylene & Benzene? (3 ene)

Answer 33

Toluene

Question 34

Removal of alcohol or dehydrating agents from tissues to replaced it with a medium that will dissolve the wax with which the tissue is to be impregnated

Answer 34

Dealcoholization/ Clearing

Question 35

T or F. Solid tissues are allowed to be air dried.

Answer 35

False. They are NEVER allowed to air dry.

Question 36

Volume of Clearing or Dealcoholization?

Answer 36

10:1

Question 37

Boiling point of Ethanol?

Answer 37

78.3°C

Question 38

Boiling point of Acetone?

Answer 38

56°C

Question 39

What is the Decalcification time of Citric Acid-Citrate Buffer Solution?

Answer 39

6 days

Question 40

What is the pH of Citric Acid-Citrate Buffer Solution?

Answer 40

pH 4.5

Question 41

What is the Decalcification time of Formic Acid?

Answer 41

2-7 days

Question 42

What is the Decalcification time of Formic Acid-Sodium Citrate Solution?

Answer 42

3-14 days

Question 43

What is the Decalcification time of Trichloroacetic Acid?

Answer 43

4-8 days

Question 44

What is the Decalcification time of Perenyi’s Fluid?

Answer 44

2-7 days

Question 45

What is the Decalcification time of Formol-Nitric Acid?

Answer 45

1-3 days

Question 46

What is the Decalcification time of Aqueous Nitric Acid Solution 10%?

Answer 46

12 - 24 hours

Question 47

What is the Decalcification time of Phloroglucin-Nitric Acid?

Answer 47

12-24 hours

Question 48

What Clearing agent are used when the tissue is to be cleared directly from water, as in a frozen section?

Answer 48

Glycerin and gum syrup

Question 49

T or F. Prolonged exposure to most clearing agents causes the tissue to become brittle and therefore more difficult to cut.

Answer 49

True