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AHE 110 > M3 Part A > Flashcards

M3 Part A Flashcards

Respiratory System (75 cards)

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1
Q

nostrils

A

AKA nose; filters, warms, and humidifies air; organ for smell; contains the turbinates

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2
Q

turbinates

A

musous lined folds in the nose

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3
Q

pharynx

A

the throat, food and air pass through here; connects to the larynx by the epiglottis

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4
Q

larynx

A

between pharynx and trachea; short tube containing vocal chords

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5
Q

trachea

A

connects larynx and bronchi; primary airway into the lungs

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6
Q

bronchi

A

series of tubes extending from the trachea, branching and becoming smaller until they end at the alveoli

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7
Q

lungs

A

spongy organs in the thoracic cavity, contains the bronchi and alveoli

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8
Q

alveolus

A

a single air sac in the lung where O2/CO2 exchange take place

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9
Q

alveoli

A

plural of alveolus, the air sacs in the lungs where O2/CO2 exchange occurs

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10
Q

pulmonologist

A

a physician that specializes in the treatment and diagnosis of diseases of the respiratory track

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11
Q

ARDS

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome; fluid buildup in the alveoli, can progress quickly

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12
Q

asthma

A

inflammatory condition of the airways, narrowing due to bronchial spasms; causes wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath; different causes

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13
Q

atelectasis

A

collapse of a lobe of the lung, complete or partial

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14
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchi; can be chronic

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15
Q

bronchospasm

A

spasmodic contraction of the bronchial muscles, constricting the air passages

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16
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; refers to a group of lung diseases such as emphysema that obstruct the airways

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17
Q

croup

A

viral childhood upper airway disease; loud barking cough, difficulty breathing; spasm of larynx

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18
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis; hereditary disease of mucus and sweat glands, present at birth, causes clogging of the lungs

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19
Q

diptheria

A

bacterial upper respiratory infection; starts in the mouth/throat, results in fever and pain

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20
Q

emphysema

A

progressive condition; walls of alveoli become damaged and loose causing impaired O2/CO2 exchange; caused by smoking

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21
Q

fibrosis

A

formation of fibrous scar tissue in the lungs, usually from infection

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22
Q

hemothorax

A

blood in the thoracic cavity

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23
Q

influenza

A

AKA flu; viral acute infectious disease, more serious for the young or old

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24
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx, can result in temporary loss of voice

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25
pertussis
AKA whooping cough; bacterial highly infectious disease; cold like symptoms and distinct cough
26
pharyngitis
inflammation of the throat
27
pleural effusion
a buildup of fluid between the lungs and chest wall causing pain and breathing difficulty
28
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleura membrane that lines the chest wall and covers the lungs
29
pneumothorax
when gas in the pleural space causes the lung to dislodge from the chest wall and lose its ability to fully function; can be caused by injury or illness
30
pulmonary embolism
obstruction of a pulmonary artery or one of its branches, usually caused by a blood clot; labored breathing, chest pain, fainting, tachycardia, cyanosis, shock, and sometimes death
31
rhinitis
AKA runny nose; caused by inflammation of the nasal membrane
32
SIDS
sudden infant death syndrome; failure of the infant to breathe, possibly nerve related
33
sinusitis
inflammation of the sinuses, can be bacterial, vital, or allergic
34
sleep apnea
abnormal pauses in breathing during sleep
35
tonsillitis
inflammation of the tonsils
36
TB
AKA tuberculosis; infectious bacterial disease that can cause growths and necrosis in lung tissue
37
URI
upper respiratory infection; generally the cold, can be a bacterial or viral infection affecting the bronchi upwards
38
anoxia
extreme low levels of oxygen
39
apnea
not breathing (usually for short periods of time)
40
bradypnea
abnormally slow breathing
41
Cheyne-Stokes
abnormal breathing, often before death; deep, fast breaths with gaps between
42
consolidation
radiologic sign indicating lung tissue filled and hardened with debris such as in pneumonia
43
cyanosis
blue appearance due to lack of O2
44
dyspnea
difficult or labored respiration
45
epistaxis
nose bleed
46
hemoptysis
expectoration of blood from some part of the respiratory track.
47
hypercapnia
an excess of carbon dioxide
48
hypoxia
insufficient oxygen levels
49
orthopnea
difficulty breathing while lying down, relieved upon changing to an upright position
50
rales
condition of abnormal breathing, often before death, sounds like crackles
51
SOB
shortness of breath
52
tachypnea
abnormally fast breathing
53
wheeze
breathing with a raspy or whistling sound; common with asthma
54
ABGs
arterial blood gases; blood taken from an artery and tested for O2, CO2, and more
55
rapid strep test
test that returns a positive result with group-A Streptococcus specific antigens on a throat swab
56
sputum culture
test to identify fungus or bacteria in sputum; usually used in cases of pneumonia
57
Mantoux test
TB skin test
58
PPD
purified protein derivative, AKA Tuberculin; injected under the skin to test for tuberculosis
59
PFTs
pulmonary function tests; a complete evaluation to determine the level of respiratory impairment
60
pulse oximetry
the process of using a device that clips to a patient's finger to measure their oxygen level
61
oximeter
a device that clips to a patient's finger to measure their oxygen level
62
spirometer
instrument for measuring air capacity of patients
63
bronchoscope
an instrument to insert into and examine the bronchi
64
bronchoscopy
the process of examining and inspecting the bronchi with an instrument
65
bronchodilator
a substance that dilates the respiratory passages
66
CPAP
continuous positive airway; a device that uses pressure to prevent upper airway collapse, used to treat obstructive sleep apnea
67
ET
endotracheal tube; inserted through the mouth to establish an airway for exchange of O2/CO2
68
expectorant
a drug that thins mucus to help clear it from the airways
69
lobectomy
surgical excision of a lobe (of the lung)
70
nebulizer
a device that aerosolizes drugs to be inhaled into the bronchi for treatment
71
rhinoplasty
surgical repair of the nose; can add septum (septorhinoplasty)
72
thoracentesis
procedure to remove excess fluid from the pleural space with a needle; improves the ability to breathe easily
73
tracheostomy
the result when a stoma with a tube is created in the trachea for breathing
74
tracheotomy
the procedure of making a hole in the trachea for inserting a tube
75
antitussive
a drug that reduces coughing

AHE 110 (10 decks)

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