M3A Pathologic Conditions Flashcards
aphthous stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth with ulcers
dental caries
tooth decay
herpetic stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth caused by infection with the herpesvirus
oral leukoplakia
white plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth
periodontal disease
inflammation and degeneration of gums, teeth, and surrounding bone
achalasia
failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax
esophageal cancer
malignant tumor of the esophagus
esophageal varices
swollen varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus
gastric cancer
malignant tumor of the stomach
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach
hernia
protrusion of an organ or part through the tissues and muscles normally containing it
peptic ulcer
open sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenum
anal fistula
abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus
colonic polyps
polyps (benign growths) protrude from the mucous membrane of the colon
colorectal cancer
adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum or both.
Crohn disease
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract
diverticulosis
abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon
dysentery
painful inflammation of the intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection
hemorrhoids
swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region
ileus
loss of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines
inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
inflammation of the colon and small intestine
intussusception
telescoping of the intestines
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
group of GI symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation) without structural abnormalities in the intestines
ulcerative colitis
chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers
