Macrolides Flashcards
Macrolides
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Azithromycin
Are macrolides bactericidal or static?
Bacteriostatic
may be bactericidal at high doses
Which macrolide(s) has lower oral bioavailability
erythromycin
Which macrolide(s) are better absorbed from gut
Clarithromycin
Azithromycin
How are macrolides excreted
metabolites excreted in bile + urine
Main ADE of macrolides
GI (erythromycin binds to motion receptor causing increased peristalsis)
Ototoxicity (large doses of erythromycin cause tinnitus)
Drug interactions
Drug interactions of Macrolides
Drug interactions: E & C inhibit CPY3A4 –> increased levels of simvastatin and lovastatin
Azithromycin has little effect of P450 metabolism
DOC macrolides
chlamydia during pregnancy (azithromycin)
H. pylori (clarithromycin)
Telithromycin
similar to macrolides; binds to 50S subunit
Main ADE of telithromycin
Respiratory failure in patients with myasthenia gravis
Contraindications Telithromycin
patients with myasthenia gravis
