macronutrients Flashcards
macronutrients (31 cards)
what are the 3 macronutrients
protein carbohydrates fats
what is protein
Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body
what is an example of a protein
What is protein?
meat and fish.
eggs.
dairy products.
seeds and nuts.
legumes like beans and lentils
what are the functions of protein
for growth,
to repair body cells and tissues
to produce enzymes needed for digestion
to produce hormones
energy
sources of protein
animal - meat fish dairy
plant - nuts peas beans
novel - tofu soya
what are proteins made up of
Proteins are made up of amino acids.
what are the 2 types of amino acids
Dispensable (non-essential) amino acids
Indispensable (essential) amino acids
what are Indispensable (essential) amino acids
amino acids that are essential in our diet
what are Dispensable (non-essential) amino acids
These are produced by the bodyand arent as needed in our diet
what are low biological value proteins
If a food is missing one or more of the indispensable (essential amino acids) amino acids
what is an example of a low biological value protein
baked beans
what are high biological value proteins
If a food has all the indispensable (essential) amino acids
what is an example of a HBV protein
steak
what is protein complentation
Protein complementation is when two LBV proteins are eaten together.
how can you make up not eating enough HBV PROTIENS
By eating two LBV proteins in the same meal, you can make up for the lacking amino acids in each, therefore giving yourself a meal with a high biological value (HBV).
what`s an example of a protein complementation
A common example of protein complementation would be eating beans on toast.
what are the 2 types of carbohydrates
simple and complex carbohydrates
what is another way of saying simple and complex carboyhrates
sugars and starches
what effect does sugars have on your body
Sugars (simple) – these raise the body’s blood sugar level very quickly, as they enter the blood stream rapidly after they are eaten.
what effect does starches have on your body
Starches (complex) – these keep blood sugar levels constant, because they enter the blood stream very slowly.
what are sources of carbohydrates (complex)
bread – including bagels and wraps
rice
pasta
cereal
potatoes
what are functions of carboydrates
for energy
fibre
growth and repair
what are sources of carbohydrates (simple)
sweets
biscuits
shakes
honey
table sugar
what are the 2 types of fats
There are two types of fat – saturated fat and unsaturated fat.
