Magnesium

Question 1

Hypermagnesemia Symptoms

Answer 1

Hypotension
Respiratory depression
Cardiac arrest

Question 2

Hypermagnesemia causes

Answer 2

Renal failure
Drug induced
Tumour lysis syndrome

Question 3

Hypermagnesemia Treatment

Answer 3

Calcium gluconate 10% injections (binds to excess magnesium)

Question 4

HYPOmagnesemia symptoms

Answer 4

Loss of appetite
N+V
Fatigue

Severe: Numbness, tingling, seizures

Question 5

Hypomagnesemia causes

Answer 5

Excessive loss in diarrhoea
Stoma
Alcohol
Renal disorders
Drug induced

Question 6

Drugs that cause hypomagnesemia

Answer 6

Aminoglycosides
Ciclosporin
Cisplatin
Laxatives
Theophylline
PPI
Digoxin
Diuretics

Question 7

Hypomagnesemia Treatment

Answer 7

Symptomatic hypomagnesaemia is usually associated with severe magnesium depletion. Magnesium can be given by intravenous infusion or by intramuscular injection of magnesium sulfate; the intramuscular injection is painful. (ECG, BP, RESP RATE)

Patients with mild magnesium depletion are usually asymptomatic. Oral magnesium glycerophosphate is licensed for hypomagnesaemia. Oral magnesium aspartate and magnesium citrate are licensed for the treatment and prevention of magnesium deficiency.