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Geography - Tectonics > Major Extrusive > Flashcards

Major Extrusive Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

What is the silica content of andesitic lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

Medium

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2
Q

What is the silica content of rhyolitic lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

High

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3
Q

What is the viscosity of basaltic lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

Low (runny)

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4
Q

What is the viscosity of andesitic lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

Medium

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5
Q

What is the viscosity of rhyolitic lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

High (thick)

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6
Q

What is the temperature of basaltic lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

1,110-1,200 degrees

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7
Q

What is the temperature of andesitic lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

750-950 degrees

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8
Q

What is the temperature of rhyolitic lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

Less that 750 degrees

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9
Q

What sort of lava produces the most violent eruption? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

Rhyolitic (high viscosity)

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10
Q

What characteristics are shown by AA lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A
  • heat loss = high viscosity
  • forms a crust
  • fast moving
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11
Q

What characteristics are shown by Pahoehoe lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A
  • slow moving

* well developed skin forms

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12
Q

What two types of eruptions can occur? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A
  • Fissure eruptions

* Vent eruptions

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13
Q

What is the silica content of basaltic lava? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

Low

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14
Q

Name the 6 types of volcanoes (major extrusive tectonics)

A
  • ash/cinder
  • basic shield
  • caldera
  • composite cone
  • fissure
  • acid dome
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15
Q

What does an ash/cinder cone volcano look like? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A
  • no lava
  • small
  • made of loose grainy cinders
  • steep sides
  • small crater
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16
Q

What is an example of an ash/cinder cone volcano? (Major extrusive tectonics)

A

Particutin, Mexico

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17
Q

What does a basic shield volcano look like? (Major extrusive tectonics)

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A
  • basaltic lava
  • very large
  • low slopes
  • large crater
18
Q

What is an example of a basic shield volcano? (Major extrusive tectonics)

Study These Flashcards
A

Islands of Hawaii

19
Q

What does a caldera volcano look like? (Major extrusive tectonics)

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A
  • rhyolitic lava
  • circular depressions found on the summit
  • form by collapsed of the volcano itself
  • edges appear as a steep cliff
20
Q

What is an example of a caldera volcano? (Major extrusive tectonics)

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A

Vaues, New Mexico

21
Q

What does a composite cone look like? (Major extrusive tectonics)

Study These Flashcards
A
  • andesitic lava
  • very large
  • steep sides
  • small crater
22
Q

What is an example of a composite cone volcano? (Major extrusive tectonics)

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A

Mount St Helens, USA

23
Q

What does a fissure volcano look like? (Major extrusive tectonics)

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A
  • basaltic lava
  • no central crater
  • crack in the ground
  • vast quantities of lava
24
Q

What is an example of a fissure volcano? (Major extrusive tectonics)

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A

Los Pilas, Nicaragua

25
What does an acid done volcano look like? (Major extrusive tectonics)
* rhyolitic lava * dome grows from within * dome cools, hardens, then shatters
26
What is an example of an acid dome volcano? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Novarupta, Alaska
27
Why do explosive eruptions occur? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Cooler magma reaches the surface and dissolved gasses can't escape, so pressure builds
28
What are the 7 types of explosions from a volcano? (Major extrusive tectonics)
* Icelandic * Hawaiian * Strombolian * Vulcanian * vesuvian * Peléean * Plinian
29
What type of lava flows from a Icelandic eruption? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Basaltic
30
What type of lava flows from a Hawaiian eruption? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Basaltic
31
What type of lava flows from a Strombolian eruption? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Basaltic (thicker)
32
What type of lava flows from a Vulcanian eruption? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Basaltic, andesitic and rhyolitic
33
What type of lava flows from a Vesuvian eruption? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Basaltic, andesitic and rhyolitic
34
What type of lava flows from a Peléean eruption? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Andesitic and rhyolitic
35
What type of lava flows from a Plinian eruption? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Rhyolitic
36
What happens when a Icelandic volcano erupts? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Lava flows gently from fissures
37
What happens when a Hawaiian volcano erupts? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Lava flows gently from central vent
38
What happens when a Strombolian volcano erupts? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Frequent, explosive eruptions of tephra and steam
39
What happens when a Vulcanian volcano erupts? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Few but violent eruptions that contain ash and gas
40
What happens when a Vesuvian volcano erupts? (Major extrusive tectonics)
After long periods on inactivity, very violent gas blasts high into the sky
41
What happens when a Peléean volcano erupts? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Very violent eruptions and huge pyroclastic flows
42
What happens when a Plinian volcano erupts? (Major extrusive tectonics)
Exceptionally violent with gas and ash, torrential rain storms

Geography - Tectonics (14 decks)

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