making salts pratical Flashcards
(18 cards)
What type of reaction is used to make a salt from an acid and a base?
A neutralisation reaction.
What acid is commonly used in the making salts practical?
Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
What base is commonly used in the making salts practical?
An insoluble metal oxide or carbonate, such as copper(II) oxide.
What salt is made when sulfuric acid reacts with copper(II) oxide?
Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄).
Why is excess base added during the practical?
To ensure all the acid reacts and is neutralised.
How is the unreacted base removed after the reaction?
By filtering the mixture.
What happens to the filtrate after filtration?
It contains the dissolved salt solution.
How is the salt obtained from the solution?
By evaporating the water to crystallise the salt.
What method is used to evaporate the water gently?
Heating with a Bunsen burner or leaving in a warm place.
What safety precautions should be taken when handling sulfuric acid?
Wear safety goggles and gloves; handle with care.
Why is it important to use a clean beaker during the experiment?
To avoid contamination of the salt.
Why must the solution be heated but not boiled vigorously?
To prevent splashing and loss of solution.
What observation indicates the reaction is complete?
No more base dissolves and the solution remains cloudy.
What piece of equipment is used to filter the mixture?
Filter paper and a funnel.
Why do crystals form after evaporation?
Because the solution becomes saturated and the salt comes out of solution.
What is a solute?
The substance that is dissolved (e.g. salt, sugar, copper(II) sulfate).
What is a solvent?
The liquid that dissolves the solute (usually water).
What is a solution?
The clear mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent (e.g. copper sulfate solution).
