Male Repro

Question 1

function of the testes

Answer 1

spermatogenesis and hormone production

Question 2

spermatogenesis

Answer 2

spermatozoa produced in seminiferous tubules of testes

Question 3

hormone production - testes

Answer 3

androgens (male sex hormones) produced in interstitial cells of the seminiferous tubules
- principal androgen = testosterone

Question 4

what are testes

Answer 4

male gonads. repro cells formed in the testes, located outside of the body in the scrotum (need to be kept cooler than body temp to produce viable spermatozoa )

Question 5

scrotum

Answer 5

cutaneous sac of skin outside of the body cavity which holds the testes in mammals - structure derived from skin and connective tissue from the abdominal wall to regulate temp

Question 6

where do testes develop in utero?

Answer 6

inside abdominal cavity near the kidneys. they then move to the scrotum outside of the body cavity, need to pass through inguinal canal

Question 7

are all testes located outside of the body?

Answer 7

some mammals and most birds have their balls on the inside

Question 8

what are inguinal rings/canal

Answer 8

like some sort of spinchter, lil ring that closes around the testes - testes pulled through before birth or shortly after

Question 9

gubernaculum

Answer 9

band of connective tissue that attaches testes to scrotum

Question 10

balls dont descend in farm animal - consequences?

Answer 10

production and economic effects

• sterile
• no value as a breeding animal

Question 11

cremaster muscle

Answer 11

passes through inguinal ring and attaches to scrotum, adjusts position of testes relative to the body - ensures viability for spermatozoa

Question 12

seminiferous tubules

Answer 12

sperm production takes place in these u-shaped tubes.

1-25B a day in these tubes

Question 13

testosterone production

Answer 13

in interstitial cells between semiferous tubules. responsible for male secondary sex characteristics/libido - enhanced muscle and bone development

Question 14

testosterone implants

Answer 14

helps to increase gains, feed conversion, carcass weight/muscling
speeds bone development, decrease fat deposition

Question 15

spermatic cord

Answer 15

suspends testis in scrotum, links them w the rest of the body, includes blood vessels and nerves etc - designed for heat control as well

Question 16

seminiferous tubules structcture

Answer 16

coiled and tightly packed into oval shape of testis. long convoluted U. between the tubules are the interstitial cells which produce the hormones

Question 17

tunica albuginea

Answer 17

beneath the tunics, encloses the testis. connective tissue. that contains the seminiferous tubules. protects and supports soft contents of the testis

Question 18

epididymis - what

Answer 18

long tube that connects efferent ducts of the testis w the vas defrens, where spermatozoa are matured (10-15 days) before they can fertilize

Question 19

epididymis sections

Answer 19

head, body, tail

• mature in head and body
• capable of fert once in the tail
• tail acts as storage site.

Question 20

epididymis location

Answer 20

scrotum (what a funny sounding word)

sperm needs to be transported to urethra to jizz

Question 21

ductus defines/vas deferens

Answer 21

tail of epidydimus to urethra

propels sperm using peristalsis to urethra

Question 22

sperm road trip

Answer 22

produced in seminiferous tubule -> rete testis -> efferent ducts -> epididymis -> Vas deferens -> urethra

Question 23

seminal fluid

Answer 23

manufactured by accessory glands (seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral)
used to carry the sperm
alkaline to combat acidity

Question 24

seminal vesicles

Answer 24

enters urethra at same area as bad defines, adds fluid to semen

Question 25

prostate gland

Answer 25

surrounds urethra

Question 26

urethra

Answer 26

located ventrally in the penis, usually carries urine. pumps out semen. can't actively piss while humming.

Question 27

penis!

Answer 27

breeding organ, made of muscle, erectile tissue, connective tissue. urethra runs down center

Question 28

3 parts of the penis

Answer 28

roots, body, glands

Question 29

penis roots

Answer 29

where it attaches to pelvis, has 2 bands of connective tissue. muscles in the roots are trimmed during carcass dressing, dont eat the penis.

Question 30

masculinity in relation to beef grading

Answer 30

graders will examine carcass for pronounced masculinity, look for ischiocavernous muscles, crest or neck muscles (increases w age), dark coloured/lean meat. - beef from animals a pronounced masculinity may not be as tender, juicy, flavourful.

Question 31

penis body

Answer 31

made of 2 bundles of tissue, firbrous tissue and blood-filled spaces. non-erect - even blood flow into and out of tissue. erect - inflow exceeds outflow.

Question 32

penis tip

Answer 32

has rich supply of sensory nerve endings, sensitive to physical stim. many species differences

Question 33

retractor penis muscle

Answer 33

pulls penis beck to non-erect, s shape. bulls, rams, boars have more connective relative tissue than other species. penis doesnt enlarge much w an erection

Question 34

bulbourethral glands

Answer 34

in boars, very large, related to boar taint, attracts sows/ stimulates them to mate.

Question 35

cryptorchids

Answer 35

in pigs called ridgelings, when movement of testes through inguinal canal is incomplete. infertile.