Male Reproductive System

Question 1

Cells of Leydig

Answer 1

produce testosterone

Question 2

Takes ____ days for spermaotzoa to differentiate

Answer 2

72

Question 3

Takes ____ days for spermatozoa to exit the body

Answer 3

12

Question 4

____ total days for spermatogenesis

Answer 4

86

Question 5

Layers of the testis/epididymus

Answer 5

tunica albuginea
mediastinum testis
CT septa
lobuli tesis

Question 6

Tunica Albuginea

Answer 6

dense irregular collageous CT

thickens into mediastinum testis

Question 7

Mediastinum testis

Answer 7

epididymis attachment point

bv, lymph vessels, nerve fibers, and genital ducts enter/esit here

Question 8

CT septa

Answer 8

extensions of tunica albugina that subdivide testes into lobules

Question 9

Lobuli testis

Answer 9

each contain 1-4 semiiniferous tubulues which contain the sperm intersitital cells o fleydig

Question 10

Where do sperm differentiate from spermatogonia?

Answer 10

seminiferous tubules

Question 11

Layers of seminiferious tubules

Answer 11

tunica propria
basal lamina
seminiferous epithelium
vascular LCT
tunica (lamina) propria
basal lamina

Question 12

Seminiferous epithelium

Answer 12

is multilayer and composed of support cells

Contains spermatogenetic cells and sertoli cells

Question 13

features of Sertoli cells

Answer 13

tall, columnar, provide physiological support
extend from BL to lumen
has ovoid/triangular shaped nucleus that is large and prominent, and located near bottom of cell

Question 14

The 2 epithelial compartments made by sertoli cell to sertoli cell junctional complex

Answer 14

basal epithelial compartment (on bottom)
luminal compartment (at top)

Question 15

blood testes barrier

Answer 15

prevents leakage between compartments
shields antigenic (haploid) gametes from immune system

Question 16

What does the basal compartment contain

Answer 16

spermatogonia

early stage primary spermatocytes

Question 17

What does luminal compartment contain

Answer 17

later stage primary spermatocytes
secondary spermatocytes
spermatids

Question 18

When late stage cells differentiate into spermatids, the cytoplasmic remnants are phagocytesed by _____ cells

Answer 18

sertoli

Question 19

spermatocytes

Answer 19

primary because they have the largest nucleus of all the spermatogenetic cells

Question 20

Spermatids

Answer 20

have oval appearance

Question 21

When does spermatogenesis begin?

Answer 21

puberty

Question 22

Function of FSH and LH in males

Answer 22

stimulate interstitial cells of leydig to produce testosterone, which then stimulate process of spermatogenesis

Question 23

Primary spermatocytes contain how many chromosomes?

Answer 23

46 double chromatid chromosomes

Question 24

Spermiogenesis

Answer 24

process of going from spermtids to spermatozoa

Question 25

Pathway of spermatozoa through genital system

Answer 25

1. seminiferous epithelium in seminiferous tubules 2. rete testis 3. efferent ductules 4. duct of epididymis 5. ductus deferens (vas deferens) 6. ejaculatory duct 7. urethra

Question 26

Tubuli recti

Answer 26

proximally tubuli recti are lined with sertoli cells | distally lined with simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 27

Rete testis

Answer 27

lined with sertoli cells and single layer of cuboidal | has labyrinthine spacescells

Question 28

efferent ductule

Answer 28

have characteristic sawtooth lumen, recognized by bumps into lumen pseudostratified columnar epithelium tall cilitated cells (sweep spermatozoa toward epididymis) short nonciliated cells smooth muscle

Question 29

Ductus epididymis

Answer 29

contain spermatozoa | pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sterocilia

Question 30

Ductus deferens (vas deferens)

Answer 30

``` found in spermatic cord, has very firm wall, feels like a wire function is to use peristalisis to propel contents of lumen ```

Question 31

Seminal vesicles

Answer 31

synthesize and release semen

Question 32

prostate

Answer 32

synthesize and release semen

Question 33

What do glands in seminal vesicle secrete

Answer 33

viscous, yellow, fructose-rich seminal fluid to provide energy to for spermatozoa

Question 34

3 layers of compound tubuloalveolar glands

Answer 34

mucosal submucosal peripheral

Question 35

Peripheral compound tubuloalveolar glands

Answer 35

70% of cancers arise here | palpable through rectum

Question 36

Nodular prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 36

prostate cells convert T into DHT forming BPH nodules squeeze urethra, making it difficult to release urine is benign

Question 37

Malignant adenocarcinoma of prostate

Answer 37

enlarged nuclei prominent nucleoli dark cytoplasm

Question 38

Helicine arteries

Answer 38

fill with blood to cause erection

Question 39

bulbourethral glands of cowper

Answer 39

secrete mucous that lubricates the urethral lumen