Malignant skin disease Flashcards
BCC SCC Malignant melanoma (21 cards)
What is the most common skin canceR?
BCC
What are some causes of BCC?
UV exposure
Immunosuppression
What are the two main types of BCC? how do they present?
Nodular:
- pearly nodule w round telangiectatic edge on face/sunexposed site, may be a central ulcer
Superficial:
lesions appear as red scaly plaques w raised smooth edge often on trunk or shoulders
What are the treatment options for BCC?
Excision Cryotherapy Curettage Radiotherapy Photodynamic therapy Topical imiquimod or fluorouracil
What is squamous cell carcinoma?
locally invasive malignant tumour of epidermal keratinocyes
What are the causes of SCC?
- XS UV exposure
- Pre-malignant skin conditions e.g. actinic keratosis
- Chronic inflammation e.g. leg ulcers, wound scar
- Immunosuppression
- Genetic predisposition
How does SSC present?
keratonic e.g. scaly and crusty ill defined nodule which may ulcerate
located on sunexposed sites
tender or painful
What is the treatment of SCC
- Excision
- Mohs micrographic surgery in high risk patients in cosmetically important sites
- radiotherapy if large and non-resectable
What are the four main subtypes of malignant melanoma?Name them from commonest to rarest
- Superficial spreading
- Nodular
- Lentigo
- Acral lentiginous
Which subtype of MM is the most aggressive?
nodular
What MM typically affects arms legs backs and chest of young people?
superficial spreading
Which MM typically affects sun exposed skin and middle aged ppl?
nodular
Which MM typically affects nails palms or soles and is more common in African Americans + asians
acral lentiginous
Which MM typically affects chronically sun exposed skin in older people
lentigo maligna
What are the criteria of melanoma detection?
Major features (2 points each): - change in size - irregular shape or border - irregular colour Minor features (1 point): - largest diameter 7mm or more - inflammation - oozing or crusting - change in sensation (incl itch)
What score in the weighted 7-point checklist should raise suspicion?
3 or more
How would u manage suspicious lesions?
excision biopsy - completely removed
once diagnosis is confirmed the pathology report should be reviewed to determine whether further reexcision of Margins is required
What is lentigo maligna?
melanoma in situ, precursor to invasive lentigo maligna melanoma
what is used as a prognostic indicator in mm?
breslow thickness
what are sentinel lymph nodes?
hypothetical first lymph node or group of nodes draining a cancer.
How is spread of mm identified?
sentinel lymph node biopsies
