Mammary Gland Flashcards
1
Q
Organization of Mammary Gland
A
- modified apocrine sweat gland
- DICT + adipose tissue
- lobule –> lactiferous duct –> lactiferous sinus
2
Q
Development of Mammary Gland
A
- mesenchymal cells induce bud formation
- adipocytes stimulate branching of mammary cords
- cords = hollow via apoptosis
- cap cells differentiate epithelial + myoepithelial cells
3
Q
Terminal Duct Lobular Unit (TDLU) Resting vs Lactating Gland
A
TDLU
- terminal ductules
- intralobular collecting duct
- intralobular stroma (LCT)
- interlobular DiCT (surround stroma)
Resting = alveoli off terminal ductules
4
Q
Structure of Nipple
A
- areola
- sebaceous gland (not associated w/ hair follicles)
- lactiferous duct and sinus (2 layer stratified cuboidal)
- smooth muscle bundles
5
Q
Hormonal Regulation Puberty vs Pregnancy
A
Puberty
- progesterone = formation of alveolar buds
- estrogen = stimulate formation of branch ducts
Pregnancy
- prolactin + placental hormones = form alveoli
6
Q
Inactive Gland
A
- lots of adipose and CT
- TDLU and lactiferous ducts present
7
Q
Pregnancy and Lactating Stages of Gland
A
Early pregnancy - proliferation of glands, alveoli
Late pregnancy - less CT, more alveoli, colostrum
Lactating - minimal CT, distended alveoli
8
Q
Lactogenesis
A
- prolactin-releasing factor = acidophilic mammotrophs
- dopamine inhibits
- mammogenesis (estrogen, progesterone, prolactin)
- lactogenesis (prolactin - produce milk)
- galactopoiesis (prolactin, oxytocin - continue produce)
9
Q
Milk Reflex
A
- paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
- oxytocin in pars nervosa = contract myoepithelial cells
10
Q
Cellular Milk Release
A
- prolactin receptor + oxytocin bind to myoepithelial
- proteins = merocrine secretion
- lactose (transporter) = released in lumen
- lipids = apocrine secretion
- IgA = produced by plasma cells
