Man exam 3 textbook

Question 1

Sources of job related stress

Answer 1

1. demands created by individual differences
2. individual task demands
3. individual role demands
4. work family conflict
5. group demands
6. organizational demands
7. demands created by remote work

Question 2

what level of stress promotes optimal results

Answer 2

moderate

Question 3

How ppl learn org culture

Answer 3

symbols, stories, rituals, heros, socialization

Question 4

Clan culture

Answer 4

internal, employee focused
flexible

Question 5

Hierarchy culture

Answer 5

Internal focus and prefers more control

Question 6

adhocracy culture

Answer 6

more externally oriented and more flexible

Question 7

Market culture

Answer 7

external focused
care abt stability and control

Question 8

4 types of decision making

Answer 8

Directive
analytical
conceptual
behavioral

Question 9

Directive decision making

Answer 9

fact-based, logistical, tasks and actions

Question 10

analytical decision making

Answer 10

consider more options and want as much info as possible
- more careful

Question 11

Conceptual decision making

Answer 11

broader scope, based on intuition, focused on long term

Question 12

behavioral decision making

Answer 12

take other peoples thoughts and opinons into consideration

Question 13

availability bias

Answer 13

Tendency to overestimate the likelihood of events based on how easily they come to mind (often due to recent exposure).

Question 14

Representativeness Bias

Answer 14

Judging the probability of an event based on how much it resembles a typical case, ignoring actual statistics.

Question 16

Confirmation Bias

Answer 16

Seeking out or interpreting information in ways that confirm existing beliefs, while ignoring contradictory evidence

Question 17

Sunk cost bias

Answer 17

Continuing a behavior or endeavor due to previously invested resources (time, money, effort), even if it’s irrational.
- It’s about not wanting to “waste” what’s already been spent.
- Can’t let go because of past investments.

Question 18

Escalation of Commitment Bias

Answer 18

Increasing investment in a failing decision to justify past choices, rather than cutting losses
- It’s about throwing in more resources to “save” a bad decision.
- Keep investing more to try to fix a bad decision.

Question 19

Anchor and Adjust Bias

Answer 19

Relying too heavily on an initial piece of information (anchor) and insufficiently adjusting from it when making decisions.

Question 20

overconfidence bias

Answer 20

overestimating ones ability leading to risky decisions

Question 21

hindsight bias

Answer 21

Believing, after an outcome is known, that it was more predictable than it actually was.

Question 22

framing bias

Answer 22

Decisions are influenced by how information is presented, rather than just the facts themselves.

Question 23

Categorical Thinking Bias

Answer 23

Oversimplifying people or situations into rigid categories, leading to stereotyping or faulty generalizations.

Question 24

Utilitarian ethical approach

Answer 24

for the greatest good for greatest number of ppl

Question 25

individual ethical approach

Answer 25

for your greatest self interest which will help everyones long term interest

Question 26

moral right ethical approach

Answer 26

respect for fundamental rights of human being

Question 27

justice ethical approach

Answer 27

respect impartial standards of fairness

Question 28

4 stages of rational decision making

Answer 28

1. ID problem 2. think of alternative solutions 3. evaluate alternatives and select solution 4. implement and evaluate

Question 29

rational decision making is

Answer 29

prescriptive

Question 30

non rational decision making is

Answer 30

descriptive

Question 31

3 types of non rational decision making

Answer 31

1. satisfying 2. intuition

Question 32

corporate governance

Answer 32

system of governing a CO so that the interest of corporate owners and other stakeholders are protected