management Flashcards
(34 cards)
what is management
the process of guiding the development, maintenance and allocation of resources to attain organizational goals
who are managers
the people in the organization responsible for developing and carrying out this management process
2 characteristics that are crucial for managers
flexibility and adaptability
4 primary functions of managers
1- planning
2- organizing
3- leading
4- controlling
what is the effect of the 4 primary management functions
managers work to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of their employees, processes, projects and organizations as a whole
what is planning
it is deciding what needs to be done, identifying when and how it will be done, and determining who should do it
explain the process of planning
planning begins by anticipating potential problems or opportunities the organization may encounter.
managers then design strategies to solve current problems, or take advantage of opportunities
name and explain the 4 different types of planning
1- strategic- creating long range (1-5 yrs) and broad goals and determining the necessary resources to accomplish these goals
2- tactical - shorter time frame (<1 year) and more specific objectives that support the broader strategic goals
3- operational - creates specific standards, methods, policies and procedures that are used in functional areas of the organization
4- contingency planning - identify alternative courses of action for very unusual or crisis situations
read over planning table in slides
…
explain organizing
involves coordinating and allocating a firm’s resources in order to carry out its plans
explain the process of organizing and its goal
by developing a structure for the people, positions, departments and activities within the firm. also to maximise the flow of info and the efficiency of work
explain the 3 primary functions of managers in organising activities
division of labour: dividing up tasks
departmentalisation: grouping jobs and employees
delegation: assigning authority and responsibilities
explain the three levels of managerial hierarchy
top - top management (CEO, CFO,COO)
middle- middle management (regional manager, division head)
bottom - supervisory management (supervisor, team leader)
explain the role of top management
-develop strategic plans and address long-range issues
-define firm’s basic policies, values and ethics and set the tone of employee standards of behavior
explain the role of middle management
- begin the implementation of strategic plans
- design and carry out tactical plans in specific areas of the company
- begin the process of allocating resources to meet organizational goals and oversee supervisory managers throughout the firm
explain the role of supervisory managers
- design and carry out operational plans for the ongoing daily activities of the firm
- spend great deal of time motivating and guiding the employees who actually produce the products/services
what is leading
the process of guiding and motivating others toward the achievement of organisational goals
what are the three types of leadership styles
autocratic
participative
free rein
what makes an effective leader
effective leaders recognize employee growth and use situational leadership, selecting a leadership style that matches the maturity and competency levels of those completing tasks
what does autocratic leadership entail
manager makes most decision and acts in authoritative manner
what does participative leadership entail
managers share decision-making with group members and encourages teamwork
what does free-rain leadership entail
manager turns over virtually all authority and control to the group
what is corporate culture
the set of attitudes, values and standards of behaviour that distinguishes one organisation from another
what does controlling entail
the process of assessing the organisation’s progress toward accomplishing its goals
