Marxism Flashcards
1
Q
Origins
A
- extrapolations to Marx’s work
- Gramsci: critical theory
- imperialism (Hobson, Lenin)
- international political economy, historical sociology
2
Q
Core assumptions:
A
- historical analysis of the production process
- social classes
- international capitalist system
3
Q
- historical materialism analysis
A
- history of the production process
- base-superstructure model:
- dialectical materialism (contradictory forces)
- =change/progress
4
Q
- social classes
A
- state is a result of social classes
- state executes capitalist elites’ wishes
- class struggle -> conflict
- significant transnational actors
5
Q
- International capitalist system
A
- hierarchical international system
- by-product: imperialism -> expansion of European economic system
- capitalist inequality
6
Q
Why did capitalism globalised according to Hobson?
A
- overproduction
- underconsumption
- over savings (not investing)
7
Q
What did the Latin American Dependency School come up with?
A
periphery and core
inspired the World Systems Theory
8
Q
What is an assumed consequence of imperialism?
A
rivalry -> conflict
9
Q
World Systems Theory
A
Wallerstein
- transnational division of labour
- exploitation of the periphery by the core
10
Q
What is the periphery
A
Periphery:
- non democratic
- import: manufactures
- export raw materials
- below subsistence wages
- no welfare services
11
Q
What is the semi-periphery
A
Semi-periphery:
- authoritarian
- import: raw materials, manufactures
- export: raw materials, mature manufactures
- low wages
- low welfare services
12
Q
What is the core?
A
Core:
- democratic
- import: raw materials
- export: manufactures
- high wages
- welfare services
13
Q
What is Gramscianism?
A
- breaks economic determinism: emphasis on subjectivity, culture and ideology
- new hegemony theory: by consent instead of coercion
- consent by elite discourse
- elite reproduce hegemonic ideas ideas and inequality
14
Q
Limitations to Marxism
A
- economic determinism only?
- Marxism ignores important actors:
- politics and ideology
- nationalism as a mobilizing force
- resilience of state
- military power
15
Q
What is the proletariat
A
Working class
