marxist theories

Question 1

criminogenic capitalism
CM

Answer 1

crime is inevitable as capitalism causes crime

Question 2

how does capitalism cause crime
CM

Answer 2

1- WC - desire for consumer gods created by cap society leads to poverty crimes
2-RC- desire for profit, competition and greed encourages white collar crime, ie. fraud

Question 3

gordon
NM

Answer 3

crime Is a rational response to the capitalist system and is found in all classes

Question 4

selective enforcement and reiman
CM

Answer 4

-law is applied differently to different people
-police and courts are selective when to enforce laws
-REIMAN- street crimes more likely to be reported than white collar

Question 5

why is white collar crime less likely tp be reported
CM

Answer 5

-not labelled as criminals, no master status, control media
-bribary, use power to influence
-more complex to discover
-can afford fines

Question 6

ideological functions
CM

Answer 6

the law, criminals and crime performs ideological functions for capitalism
-selective enforcement= law gives impression crime mostly WC areas so wc become suspicious of each other instead of the RC (distraction)- GORDON
-laws appear to benefit WC too
ie. maternity leave= have to go back, trap in cap, cant quit
minimum wage= bare minimum to liv to prevent rebel

Question 7

examples of laws made in the interest of the RC
eg of rc being reluctant to pass law for wc
CM

Answer 7

-copyright laws= ban illegal purchasing/ downloading music, protecting profits of multi millionaire cos
-grenfell tower- fire bc councils used flammable cladding, law not passed to prevent this bc RC not want to damage business profitability

Question 8

Taylor et al
NM

Answer 8

-fully social theory of deviance
1- WIDER ORIGINS OF A DEVIANT ACT- cap soc adverts
2-IMMEDIATE ORIGINS OF DEVIANT ACT- want to gain status
3-ACT ISTELF & ITS MEANING- rebel against cap (ie.steal shoes)
4-IMMEDIATE ORIGINS OF SOCIAL RELATIONS- ie. label punishment
5- WIDER ORIGINS OF SOCIAL REACTION- ie. inc focus on street crime
6-EFFECTS OF LABEL ON FUTURE- master status/ deviant career/ SFP

Question 9

sunderland

Answer 9

-white collar crime
2 types-
1- OCCUPATIONAL- employee commits for personal gain
2-CORPORATE- by employees for the corporation/ business benefit

Question 10

types of corporate crime
4

Answer 10

1-FINANCIAL- ie.tax evasion
2-AGAINST CONSUMER -ie. sex crimes
3-AGAINST ENVIRONMENT-illegal pollution
4-AGAINST EMPLOYEES- sex/ discrimination - 1000 work related deaths due to law vios

Question 11

example of business selling unfit goods

Answer 11

2011- poly implant, sold boob implants w industrial silicone, 300k sold in 65 countries

Question 12

how do corporate crimes become invisible

Answer 12

-MEDIA , limit coverage, sensitise language
-LACK OF POLITICAL WILL, politicians ‘triumph’ for focuses on street crime
-COMPLEXITY
-DELABELLING- seen as civil bc use of fines
-UNDERREPORTING- may not know a V

Question 13

explanations of corp crime
4
BOX
CLINARD
SUTHERLAND
CICOUREL
BOX

Answer 13

1- STRAIN THEORY-
box= companies turn to crime bc cant achieve goals via legitimate means
clinard= if financial performance deteriorates companies use criminal/ illegal means
2- DIFFERENTIAL ASSOCIATIONS-
sutherland= crime is bad behaiviour learnt by others, more socialise w criminal actions more they’re normalised
3- LABELLING-
cicourel= businesses have power to avoid labels so corp crime easier to get away w , hire lawyers to avoid charges
4- MARXISM
box= cap encourages greed and profit