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Merryl Fulmer Content Specs > Mastering that Darn Chart > Flashcards

Mastering that Darn Chart Flashcards

1
Q

mAs effects:

A

Receptor Exposure

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2
Q

The amount of radiation striking the image receptor

A

Receptor Exposure

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3
Q

If you are using a Fugi machine the exposure number is called:

A

The S number

(the higher the number the less exposed the image is, the lower the number the less exposed it is)

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4
Q

The EI for Fugi:

A

200

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5
Q

The Kodak EI number is:

A

2000

(the higher the number the more exposed it is, the less the number is less exposed it is)

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6
Q

Deviation Index

A

2.5

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7
Q

The differences between adjacent brightnesses.

A

Contrast

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8
Q

The function of contrast is to:

A

make the details visible

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9
Q

If you have an image and its high contrast with black and white and there is a tumor that is gray. Would you be able to see that tumor?

A

No, go up in technique

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10
Q

120 kVp do you have the right contrast for a rib study?

A

No, burning through

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11
Q

The sum of the inherent filtration plus the added filtration=

A

Total Filtration

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12
Q

Receptor contrast plus subject contrast=

A

total contrast

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13
Q

The receptor contrast plus the subject contrast=

A

Contrast

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14
Q

The fixed characteristic of the receptor

A

Receptor contrast

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15
Q

The magnitude of the signal in the remnant beam as a result of different absorption characteristics in the tissues and structures that make up that part

A

Subject Contrast

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16
Q

Mathematical codes by the software to provide the desired physical appearance

A

Processing algorithm

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17
Q

The LUT controls the:

A

contrast and the brightness

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18
Q

How does the kVp effect spatial resoltion?

A

NO EFFECT

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19
Q

How does kVp effect focal spot size?

A

NO EFFECT

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20
Q

Where is the focal spot?

A

The area on the target that is being bombarded by electrons

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21
Q

How do you control involuntary motion?

A

Short Exposure Time

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22
Q

How do you control voluntary motion?

A

Communicate with the patient

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23
Q

When something does not have good spatial resolution it is:

A

Blurry

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24
Q

Misrepresentation of size and shape

A

Distortion

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25
Q

A 4 inch round tumor 8 inch:

A

Size distortion

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26
Q

If you are x-raying a tumor and make it oval:

A

Shape distortion

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27
Q

Size distortion effects:

A

OID and SID

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28
Q

For the least amount of magnification what kind of OID do you want?

A

short

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29
Q

For the least amount of magnification do you want a short SID or long SID?

A

Long

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30
Q

For the least amount of magnification what is better 40 inch or 72 inches?

A

180 cm or 72 inches

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31
Q

If you made it at 40 inches to 80 inches SID how much more radiation would you have to use?

A

4xs more radiation

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32
Q

Shape distortion:

A

IR, placement of IR, and body part being perpendicular

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33
Q

The one thing that causes foreshortening is the:

A

If the body part is not parallel to the IR

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34
Q

Angling the tube causes

A

elongation

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35
Q

Angling the tube would cause:

A

elongation

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36
Q

Photographic properties of the radiograph:

A

receptor exposure and contrast

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37
Q

Geometric Properties of the radiograph:

A

Spatial resolution and distortion

38
Q

Image Quality

A

The balance of the photographic and image quallities

39
Q

When mAs is increased:

A

receptor exposure increases only

40
Q

Double the mAs:

A

Double the receptor exposure

41
Q

Increasing kVp:

A

increases receptor exposure
decreases contrast (more the k’s the more the grays)

42
Q

If the OID is increased to have an air gap

A

decreases receptor exposure
(functioning like a grid)

43
Q

If OID is increases for an air gap, what happens to contrast?

A

increases contrast

44
Q

When OID increases spatial resolution:

A

decreases

45
Q

When OID increases:

A

distortion increases

46
Q

SID increases

A

receptor exposure decreases

47
Q

Increase SID, contrast

A

No effect

48
Q

As SID increases, spatial resolution

A

increases

49
Q

As SID increases, distortion

A

decreases

50
Q

Focal Spot Size effects:

A

spatial resolution

51
Q

motion effects

A

spatial resolution

52
Q

100 mA small focal spot, 100 mA large focal spot:

A

Increase Spatial resolution only

53
Q

If small focal spot provides better spatial resolution than why do we not use small focal spot on everything?

A

Will not fit on the area of the focal spot with high mA

54
Q

APR does:

A

whether you can use small or large focal spot

55
Q

The grid ratio:

A

5:1 BF: 2
10:1
12:1
16:1

56
Q

If you go to table top to a 5:1 grid:

A

the receptor exposure decreases

57
Q

As grid ratio increases the contrast:

A

increases

58
Q
A
59
Q

As tube filtration increases what happens to receptor exposure?

A

Decreases

60
Q

Increase tube filtration:

A

Decreases contrast

61
Q

If you are exposing a 14 x 17 area and you drop down to a 10 x 17 what happens to receptor exposure?

A

decreases

62
Q

If you increase beam restriction what happens to contrast?

A

increases

63
Q

As a result of angling the anode there is an uneven distribution of radiation as it leaves the tube

A

Anode Heel Effect

64
Q

Increase Anode Heel Effect

A

increase receptor exposure

65
Q

Which has a low contrast?
Does A have more contrast or less contrast?
Which has a shorter scale of contrast?
Which has high kVp?
Which has a short wavelength?

A

B. high kVp, more grays, less contrast
A. more contrast, low kVp,

Which has a low contrast? B

A has more contrast

Which has a shorter scale? A

Which has more kVp? B

Which has a short wavelength? B

66
Q

Which one is high contrast?

A

C

67
Q

A

A

Low contrast
Long-scale

68
Q

Something with high contrast:

A

the whites are whiter
the blacks are blacker

69
Q

Which side is less and which side is more?

A

Left side less
right side more

70
Q
A

Caliper
Used if the body part is more than 10 cm (grids are used)

71
Q

Between 19-24 cm

A

NO central ray angle

72
Q

More than 24 cm from ASIS to to table top angle:

A

3-7 degrees cephalic

73
Q

Below 19 cm:

A

3-7 degrees caudad

74
Q

How will increasing the focal spot size effect the spatial resolution of a radiograph?

A

Decrease Spatial Resolution

75
Q
A

Right: PA
Left: AP

76
Q
A

Erect
Horizontal Air Fluid Levels

77
Q

What is the difference between the two?

A

A. High Contrast, Short-Scale, Low kVp, Long wavelength, more contrast
B. Long Scale, Low Contrast, High kVp, Short wavelength, less contrast

78
Q
A

B. high contrast
Both have the same receptor exposure

79
Q
A

OVEREXPOSURE

80
Q
A

Focus Grid Upside Down

81
Q

4 causes of grid cut off:

A

Off level
Off center
Upside Down Focus Grid
Off Focus

82
Q

No Grid:
5:1 Grid:
8:1 Grid:
12:1 Grid:
16:1 Grid:

A

1
2
3
4
5
6

83
Q
A

always collimate to the IR and not the patient

84
Q

Total Filtration has to be:

A

2.5

85
Q

Inherent:

A

.5 mm Al

86
Q

Added Filtration:

A

2 mm Al

87
Q
A

A. regular bone
B. foreshortened, part not parallel
C. elongated

88
Q

A.
B.
C.

A

A. Accurate
B.

89
Q
A

Filter was half in and half out

90
Q
A

below the the tube, above the collimator

Merryl Fulmer Content Specs (11 decks)

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