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Merryl Fulmer Content Specs > Mastering that Darn Chart > Flashcards

Mastering that Darn Chart Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

mAs effects:

A

Receptor Exposure

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2
Q

The amount of radiation striking the image receptor

A

Receptor Exposure

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3
Q

If you are using a Fugi machine the exposure number is called:

A

The S number

(the higher the number the less exposed the image is, the lower the number the less exposed it is)

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4
Q

The EI for Fugi:

A

200

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5
Q

The Kodak EI number is:

A

2000

(the higher the number the more exposed it is, the less the number is less exposed it is)

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6
Q

Deviation Index

A

2.5

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7
Q

The differences between adjacent brightnesses.

A

Contrast

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8
Q

The function of contrast is to:

A

make the details visible

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9
Q

If you have an image and its high contrast with black and white and there is a tumor that is gray. Would you be able to see that tumor?

A

No, go up in technique

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10
Q

120 kVp do you have the right contrast for a rib study?

A

No, burning through

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11
Q

The sum of the inherent filtration plus the added filtration=

A

Total Filtration

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12
Q

Receptor contrast plus subject contrast=

A

total contrast

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13
Q

The receptor contrast plus the subject contrast=

A

Contrast

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14
Q

The fixed characteristic of the receptor

A

Receptor contrast

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15
Q

The magnitude of the signal in the remnant beam as a result of different absorption characteristics in the tissues and structures that make up that part

A

Subject Contrast

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16
Q

Mathematical codes by the software to provide the desired physical appearance

A

Processing algorithm

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17
Q

The LUT controls the:

A

contrast and the brightness

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18
Q

How does the kVp effect spatial resoltion?

A

NO EFFECT

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19
Q

How does kVp effect focal spot size?

A

NO EFFECT

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20
Q

Where is the focal spot?

A

The area on the target that is being bombarded by electrons

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21
Q

How do you control involuntary motion?

A

Short Exposure Time

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22
Q

How do you control voluntary motion?

A

Communicate with the patient

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23
Q

When something does not have good spatial resolution it is:

A

Blurry

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24
Q

Misrepresentation of size and shape

A

Distortion

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25
A 4 inch round tumor 8 inch:
Size distortion
26
If you are x-raying a tumor and make it oval:
Shape distortion
27
Size distortion effects:
OID and SID
28
For the least amount of magnification what kind of OID do you want?
short
29
For the least amount of magnification do you want a short SID or long SID?
Long
30
For the least amount of magnification what is better 40 inch or 72 inches?
180 cm or 72 inches
31
If you made it at 40 inches to 80 inches SID how much more radiation would you have to use?
4xs more radiation
32
Shape distortion:
IR, placement of IR, and body part being perpendicular
33
The one thing that causes foreshortening is the:
If the body part is not parallel to the IR
34
Angling the tube causes
elongation
35
Angling the tube would cause:
elongation
36
Photographic properties of the radiograph:
receptor exposure and contrast
37
Geometric Properties of the radiograph:
Spatial resolution and distortion
38
Image Quality
The balance of the photographic and image quallities
39
When mAs is increased:
receptor exposure increases only
40
Double the mAs:
Double the receptor exposure
41
Increasing kVp:
increases receptor exposure decreases contrast (more the k's the more the grays)
42
If the OID is increased to have an air gap
decreases receptor exposure (functioning like a grid)
43
If OID is increases for an air gap, what happens to contrast?
increases contrast
44
When OID increases spatial resolution:
decreases
45
When OID increases:
distortion increases
46
SID increases
receptor exposure decreases
47
Increase SID, contrast
No effect
48
As SID increases, spatial resolution
increases
49
As SID increases, distortion
decreases
50
Focal Spot Size effects:
spatial resolution
51
motion effects
spatial resolution
52
100 mA small focal spot, 100 mA large focal spot:
Increase Spatial resolution only
53
If small focal spot provides better spatial resolution than why do we not use small focal spot on everything?
Will not fit on the area of the focal spot with high mA
54
APR does:
whether you can use small or large focal spot
55
The grid ratio:
5:1 BF: 2 10:1 12:1 16:1
56
If you go to table top to a 5:1 grid:
the receptor exposure decreases
57
As grid ratio increases the contrast:
increases
58
59
As tube filtration increases what happens to receptor exposure?
Decreases
60
Increase tube filtration:
Decreases contrast
61
If you are exposing a 14 x 17 area and you drop down to a 10 x 17 what happens to receptor exposure?
decreases
62
If you increase beam restriction what happens to contrast?
increases
63
As a result of angling the anode there is an uneven distribution of radiation as it leaves the tube
Anode Heel Effect
64
Increase Anode Heel Effect
increase receptor exposure
65
Which has a low contrast? Does A have more contrast or less contrast? Which has a shorter scale of contrast? Which has high kVp? Which has a short wavelength?
B. high kVp, more grays, less contrast A. more contrast, low kVp, Which has a low contrast? B A has more contrast Which has a shorter scale? A Which has more kVp? B Which has a short wavelength? B
66
Which one is high contrast?
C
67
A
Low contrast Long-scale
68
Something with high contrast:
the whites are whiter the blacks are blacker
69
Which side is less and which side is more?
Left side less right side more
70
Caliper Used if the body part is more than 10 cm (grids are used)
71
Between 19-24 cm
NO central ray angle
72
More than 24 cm from ASIS to to table top angle:
3-7 degrees cephalic
73
Below 19 cm:
3-7 degrees caudad
74
How will increasing the focal spot size effect the spatial resolution of a radiograph?
Decrease Spatial Resolution
75
Right: PA Left: AP
76
Erect Horizontal Air Fluid Levels
77
What is the difference between the two?
A. High Contrast, Short-Scale, Low kVp, Long wavelength, more contrast B. Long Scale, Low Contrast, High kVp, Short wavelength, less contrast
78
B. high contrast Both have the same receptor exposure
79
OVEREXPOSURE
80
Focus Grid Upside Down
81
4 causes of grid cut off:
Off level Off center Upside Down Focus Grid Off Focus
82
No Grid: 5:1 Grid: 8:1 Grid: 12:1 Grid: 16:1 Grid:
1 2 3 4 5 6
83
always collimate to the IR and not the patient
84
Total Filtration has to be:
2.5
85
Inherent:
.5 mm Al
86
Added Filtration:
2 mm Al
87
A. regular bone B. foreshortened, part not parallel C. elongated
88
A. B. C.
A. Accurate B.
89
Filter was half in and half out
90
below the the tube, above the collimator

Merryl Fulmer Content Specs (11 decks)

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