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MCAT Prep > Math and Physiology > Flashcards

Math and Physiology Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Units for Force

A

(kg * m) / s^2

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2
Q

Units for Joules

A

(kg * m^2) / s^2

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3
Q

Units for Power

A

(Watts) = (kg * m^2) / s^3

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4
Q

Total Mechanical Energy

A

KE + U

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5
Q

Work when gas expands?

A

work was done by the gas (+W)

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6
Q

Work when gas is compressed?

A

Work was done on the gas (-W)

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7
Q

Absolute zero (F, C, and K)

A

-460, -273, 0

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8
Q

Freezing point of water (F, C, and K)

A

32, 0, 273

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9
Q

Boiling point of water (F, C, and K)

A

212, 100, 373

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10
Q

Change in 1C = ____ in F

A

1C = 1.8F

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11
Q

Isolated Systems

A

no exchange of energy or matter

total change in internal energy = 0

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12
Q

Closed Systems

A

capable of exchanging energy (not matter) w/ surroundings

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13
Q

State Functions

A

independent of the path taken vs. process fx that change depending on path

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14
Q

heat transfer: conduction

A

direct energy transfer via molecular collisions (touching)

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15
Q

heat transfer: convection

A

heat transfer by physical motion of fluid material (air, liquid)

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16
Q

heat transfer: radiation

A

transfer of energy via electromagnetic waves

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17
Q

specific heat (c)

A

amount of energy needed to raise one g of a substance one degree C

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18
Q

solid to liquid

A

fusion or melting

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19
Q

liquid to solid

A

freezing or solidification

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20
Q

liquid to gas

A

boiling, evaporation, or vaporization

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21
Q

gas to liquid

A

condensation

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22
Q

solid to gas

A

sublimation

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23
Q

gas to solid

A

deposition

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24
Q

specific heat of water

A

1 cal / (g K)

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25
Isothermal
no change in internal energy (U) constant T Q = W
26
Adiabatic
no heat exchange | change in internal energy (U) = -W
27
Isobaric
constant pressure, no change in equation
28
Isochoric
"isovolumetric" no change in volume, no work is done change in internal energy = Q
29
Units for Entropy (S)
J / (mol K)
30
Pascal's Principle
ideal fluid is an incompressible fluid (even with change of pressure)
31
Cohesion
- molecules in middle of liquid experience equal attractive Forces at all sides - molecules on surface experience greater attractive F from fluid
32
Adhesion
large molecules experience attraction towards a surface
33
convex meniscus
cohesive forces of substance > adhesive forces
34
concave meniscus
large molecules are more attracted to the wall. | adhesive forces > cohesive forces
35
wavelength of blue/violet light
400nm, high frequency/high energy
36
wavelength of red light
700nm, low frequency/low energy
37
conditions that allow airplane to fly
velocity above the wing > velocity below the wing | Pressure above the wing < Pressure below the wing
38
Diamagnetic Material
paired e- | anything we would consider "nonmagnetic"
39
Paramagnetic Material
attracted to external magnetic field temporary effected unpaired e- align with applied magnetic field
40
Ferromagnetic Material
can be durably magnetized by external magnetic field | unpaired e- align and are able to persist = MAGNETS?
41
Circuits: Loop Rule
the total electrical potential difference (in Volts) around any closed loop is 0V.
42
Capacitors in series and in parallel
capacitors store and discharge electrical potential energy in series: they decrease capacitance of a circuit in parallel: they increase total capacitance of a circuit
43
Electromagnetic waves are ______ waves
they are transverse waves! oscillating electric field and oscillating magnetic field that are perpendicular to the direction of propagation
44
Electromagnetic Spectrum (low energy to high energy)
``` lowest energy: Radio Waves microwaves infrared visible light UV x ray Highest energy: gamma waves ```
45
Visible Spectrum
ROYGBIV | Red (700nm) to Violet (400nm)
46
Law of reflection
incident angle = angle of reflection
47
Convex Mirrors
diverging systems virtual upright reduced
48
Concave Mirrors
converging systems
49
Plane Mirror
spherical mirror with infinite radii Virtual upright same size
50
Convex Lens
converging system | produces real, virtual, and upright
51
Concave lens
diverging system, virtual, upright
52
Hyperopia
eye is too short - image forms BEHIND the retina - "farsightedness" - correcting lens: converging lens (convex)
53
Myopia
eye is too long - image forms INFRONT of the retina - "nearsightedness" - correcting lens: diverging lens (concave)
54
Watts
J/second = V * A
55
Farad
Capacitance / velocity
56
Volt
J/C
57
Amp
C/sec
58
Ohm
V/A
59
strong or weak acid = HCl
strong acid
60
strong or weak acid = H2SO4
strong acid
61
strong or weak acid = HNO3
strong acid
62
strong or weak acid = HBr, HI
Strong acid
63
strong or weak acid = HClO4
strong acid
64
strong or weak acid = HSO4
weak acid
65
strong or weak acid = H3PO4
weak acid
66
strong or weak acid = HF, CH3COOH
weak acid
67
NaOH and KOH
strong bases
68
When Keq is >1, =0, <1
>1 = [P] are greater at equilibrium =0 then [P] = [R] at equilibrium <1 = [R] are greater at equilibrium
69
ideal voltmeter vs. ideal ammeter
ideal voltmeter = infinite resistance, connected in parallel | ideal ammeter = negligible resistance, connected in series
70
Ascorbic Acid
vitamin C reducing agent (can convert Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ = reducing agent)
71
Halogens (group #) act as strong oxidizing or reducing agents?
Halogens (group 17) act as strong oxidizing agents | because they want to pick up on of the valence e- they are missing to fill their valence shell
72
Arteriole Resistance equation
1 / (r^4)

MCAT Prep (11 decks)

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