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RT250/REVIEW > Mathematical Formulas > Flashcards

Mathematical Formulas Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cylinder tank factors for an E and a H tank?

A

E is 0.28, H is 3.14

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2
Q

What is the formula to calculate duration of flow?

A

PSI X CF/Lpm

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3
Q

What is Heliox used for and what are the factors for a 70/30 mix and a 80/20 mix?

A

Heliox is used for upper airway obstruction and asthma exacerbation.
70/30=1.6 80/20 = 1.8

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4
Q

What is the formula to estimate the suction catheter size for an adult patient?

A

(ETT SIZE X 2 - 2)

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5
Q

What is the formula used to estimate an ETT size for children?

A

ID = age +16/4

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6
Q

What is the formula for the Clark’s rule? hint: estimated child dose

A

Child’s weight in lbs x adult dose/150

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7
Q

What is the temperature conversion for F to C?

A

C = f-32/1.8

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8
Q

What is the temperature conversion for C to F?

A

F= (C x 1.8) +32

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9
Q

What is RAW used for? What is the normal value and the formula used to determine it?

A

RAW is used to estimate the level of PSV needed to overcome imposed WOB, 0.5-2.5
formula: RAW = PIP-pPlat/Flow L/s

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10
Q

What does Cstat measure? What is the formula used to determine it?

A

Measures the compliance of the lungs and the thorax, Cs= Vte/Pplat-PEEP

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11
Q

What does Cdyn measure? What is the formula used to determine it?

A

Measures impedance to ventilation by movement of gas through airways., Cdyn=Vte/PIP-PEEP

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12
Q

If a pt’s condition rapidly deteriorates but there is no change in static or dynamic compliance, suspect a ___.

A

P.E.

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13
Q

Higher compliance = lower ___ = easier to ventilate = less side effects of CMV.

A

PIP’s

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14
Q

Lower compliance = _______ _______ = less compliance = higher ventilating pressures

A

stiffer lungs

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15
Q

Increased RAW = ______ PIP & _____ flows.

A

increased, decreased

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16
Q

Cdyn and Cstat worsening over time = ____ problem.

A

LUNG

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17
Q

Cdyn worsening but Cstat not changing = ______ problem.

A

AIRWAY

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18
Q

What is the formula for RSBI? What does it stand for and what values indicates weaning?

A

RR/VT, rapid shallow breathing index, <105.

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19
Q

What is the formula used to calculate alveolar minute ventilation?

A

VA = ( Vt-Vd) x RR

20
Q

What is the Bohr equation(VD/VT)? What does it represent?

A

VD/VT= PaCO2-PECO2/PaCO2, Portion of VT not taking place in gas exchange (wasted ventilation)

21
Q

What is the range for a normal VD/VT ratio?

A

0.2-0.4 (20-40%)

22
Q

What is the formula for delivery of oxygen(DO2)?

A

DO2= QT X CaO2

23
Q

For adequate O2 diffusion, blood contact needs to be at least ____s.

A

0.75

24
Q

O2 delivery is _____ related to cardiac output and total O2 content.

A

directly

25
Q

List some conditions that reduces oxygen delivery to the tissues.

A

shock, ischemia, hypixemia,etc

26
Q

What is a normal total O2 content? What is the formula used to determine it?

A

17-21 vol% ml/dl, CaO2= (Hgb x sao2 x 1.34) + (pao2 x 0.003)

27
Q

List the values for the following CaO2 indexes.
Mild, moderate, and severe hypoxemia.

A

mild: 15-16% vol
mod: 12-14% vol
sev: < 12 vol%

28
Q

What is normal mixed venous content(CVO2)? What does this represnet?

A

12-16 vol%, represents the blood that is returning to the lungs.

29
Q

What is the normal value for the arteriovenous content(C(a-v)O2)? What does this measure?

A

3.5-5.0 vol%, measures O2 consumption(VO2) by the tissues.

30
Q

A decreased CO = ______ C(a-v)O2.

A

increased

31
Q

A increased CO = _____ C(a-v)O2.

A

decreased

32
Q

CO = ____ x _____

A

HR , SV

33
Q

What are the methods used to determine cardiac output?

A

PAC (thermodilution or dye) or Fick equation method.

34
Q

What is the formula for the Fick equation that is used to determine CO?

A

QT = VO2/ C(a-v)O2 x10

35
Q

What is normal MAP, and what is the formula used to determine it?

A

80-100 mmHg, MAP= SBP + 2(DBP)/3

36
Q

Under normal conditions CO2 is directly related to ____ and indirectly related to _____.

A

VO2, C(a-v)O2

37
Q

What is the formula used to determine VO2?

A

QT X C(a-v)O2 x 10

38
Q

What is normal A-a gradient on RA? On 100%?

A

RA: 5 to 10 mmHg, 25-65 mmHg

39
Q

What A-a gradient signifies the presence of a VQ mismatch or a shunt?

A

VQ mismatch= <300
Shunt= > 300
tip: the higher the A-a gradient, the higher the shunt

40
Q

What is the formula used to determine the PAO2?

A

PAO2= (PB-PH2O)FiO2 - (PaCO2/0.8)

41
Q

What is the a/A ratio?

A

The ratio of blood transported from the alveoli into the blood.

42
Q

What a/A ratio value is normal, represents a VQ mismatch or shunting?

A

Normal: > 75%
VQ mismatch: 35-75%
Shunt: <35%

43
Q

What is the formula used to calculate the degree of a shunt?

A

P(A-a)O2 X 0.003/ C(a-v)O2 + (P(A-a)O2 x 0.003)

44
Q

What shunt value is normal, indicates mild, mod, or severe shunting?

A

normal: <10%
mild: 10-20%
mod: 20-30%
sev: >30%

45
Q

How is pulse pressure calculated?

A

SBP - DBP

RT250/REVIEW (8 decks)

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