Matter Flashcards
(24 cards)
Particle model for each state of matter
Solid- very close regular pattern vibrate round fixed position low e
Liquid- close randomly arragenfed move around each other
Gas- far apart randomly arranged move quickly in all direction highest energy
Properties of a solid
fixed shape can’t flow (particles can’t move)
can’t be compressed (particles close)
flow fill shape of container ( particles move)
can’t be compressed ( no spaces)
compressed (far space)
what process does straight from solid to gas
what process goes straight from (s)——> (g)
sublimation like dry ice, CO2
how to change states
transfer energy by heating
•melt= break some bonds between particles
•boil= break intermolecular forces of attraction between particles
what happens during evaporation=
bubbles of gas form , rise to surface, escape to surroundings
what dictates melting/ boiling point
What element it is x
Limitations of the particle model (2)
•particles aren’t solid (atoms mostly empty space)
•many particles aren’t spherical
assumptions of particle model (3)
•solid
•spheres
•no forces between them
What’s an ion
electrically charged + or - particle formed when atom/molecule gains or lose e
how is ionic bond formed?
metal+ non metal react by transferring electrons
oppositely charged ions are strongly attracted to each other= ionic bond
what structure is formed in ionicbon ding
-•giant ionic lattice
-•held together with strong electrostatic forces of attraction between opposite charge ions
Properties of ionic lattice
High melting point and boiling point
lofts of e to break strong electrostatic forces attraction between opp charged ions
Conduct electricity when melted
Y is 2d model not good for ionic lattice
only show one layer of ions and not the rest
Why’s 3d model bad for ionic bonding
forces of attraction act in all directions, not just stick bonds
Why do giant ionic lattiele have high melting/boiling point
Cuz they’re so strong
When do they conduct electricity
melted- liquid
dissolved in water- aq solution
why is steel harder than iron
steel is an alloy so it’s harder than iron
carbon and iron have different sized atoms
so they distort the layers of iron
so layers can’t slide
• Giant covalent structures: High melting points
hard
• CO: Toxic
from incomplete combustion
• SO₂: From sulfur in fuels
causes acid rain
• NOₓ: From engines
causes smog & acid rain
noble gases
unreactive
stable
full outer shell of e
halogen gases
group 7
exist in pairs
covalent bond
2 non metal atoms
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