Matter and Its Interactions Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the basic structure of an atom?
Protons and neutrons in the nucleus; electrons in orbitals.
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom.
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
What is a compound?
A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined.
What is a mixture?
Two or more substances physically combined and not in fixed ratios.
What is the formula for density?
Density = mass / volume
What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonding?
Ionic=transfer of electrons; covalent=sharing of electrons.
What is an example of a chemical change?
Rusting, burning, or a color change due to a new substance forming.
What is the pH range of acids and bases?
Acids: <7, Bases: >7, Neutral: 7
What happens during a physical change?
The form changes but the chemical identity stays the same.
What is a saturated solution?
A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute at a given temperature.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
What is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction that releases heat to the surroundings.
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction that absorbs heat from the surroundings.
What is the difference between solute and solvent?
Solute=substance dissolved; solvent=substance doing the dissolving.
