Mechanisms Flashcards by Jade Rayquaza

Q

Mechanism for acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

Nucleophilic addition elimination

H2O

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Acyl chloride to amide

A

Nucleophilic addition elimination

NH3

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Acyl chloride to N-substituted amide

A

Nucleophilic addition elimination

CH3NH2

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Acyl chloride to Ester

A

Nucleophilic addition elimination

CH3OH

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Carboxylic acid + alcohol

A

Esterification

Conc H2SO4

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Ester to carboxylic acid and alcohol

A

Acid hydrolysis

H2O and conc H2SO4

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Ester to sodium salt

A

Basic hydrolysis

NaOH

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Benzene to a phenyl ketone

A

Electrophilic substitution

AlCl3 catalyst

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Benzene to nitrobenzene

A

Electrophilic substitution

Conc HNO3
Conc H2SO4

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Nitrobenzene to amino benzene

What is produced

A

Reduction
Sn and H2

Amino benzene and H2O

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Anime to quarternary ammonium salt

A

Nucleophilic substitution

Excess haloalkane

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Alcohol to ketone

A

Oxidation

Acidified potassium dichromate

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Which mechanism uses NaBH4?

A

Nucleophilic addition

Eg reduction of a ketone to an alcohol

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Ketone to nitrile

A

Nucleophilic additon

KCN and HCl

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Nitrile to amine

A

Reduction / catalytic hydrogenation

H2 and Ni

ONLY USE [H] IF THEY SAY otherwise use H2

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Ketone to alcohol

A

Nucleophilic addition
Reduction
NaBH4

Q

Alkene to haloalkane

A

Electrophilic addition

HBr

Q

Alkene to dibromo-haloalkane

A

Electrophilic addition

Br2

Q

Haloalkane to alkene

A

Elimination
NaoH
Hot dissolved in ethanol

Q

Haloalkane to nitrile

A

Nucleophilic substitution

KCN aqueous

Q

Haloalkane to amine

A

Nucleophilic substitution

Excess NH3

Q

Why excess NH3

A

To prevent further substitution

Q

Haloalkane to alcohol

A

Nucleophilic substitution
NaOH
Warm aqueous

Q

Alcohol to aldehyde

A

Oxidation
Acidified potassium dichromate
Distillation

Aldehyde to carboxylic acid

Oxidation Acidified potassium dichromate Reflux

Alcohol to carboxylic acid

Oxidation Acidified potassium dichromate Reflux

Alkene to alkyl hydrogen sulphate

Electrophilic addition Conc H2SO4

Alkyl hydrogen sulphate to alcohol

Hydrolysis H2O

Alcohol to alkene

Elimination (dehydration) Conc H2SO4

Alkene to alcohol

Electrophilic addition H2O and conc H2SO4 Also called hydration

Addition polymerisation

High temp | high pressure