MED ORG I Flashcards
(91 cards)
1
Q
-Ch’ang shang, ma huang
A
Shen Nung
2
Q
-Chaulmoogra fruit
A
American Indians
3
Q
-Ipecacuanha root
A
Brazil
4
Q
-Coca leaves
A
South American Indians
5
Q
-opium, squill, hyoscyamus,
viper toxin
A
Greek Apothecary
6
Q
Cu, Zn ores, Fe
sulfate, Cadmium oxide
A
Greek Apothecary
7
Q
Basic studies of chemistry and physics
shifted from Greco-Roman to _____
A
Arabian
Alchemy
8
Q
Paracelsus glorified ___ as cure-all in the
belief that chemical could cure diseases
A
Sb
9
Q
19th Century aka
A
Age of Innovation and Chemistry
10
Q
extracted morphine from poppy
A
Friedrich Sertürner
11
Q
his unproven principle
“similia similibus curantur”
A
Samuel Hahnemann
12
Q
– isolated emetine from Ipecacuanha
A
Pierre-Pelletier
13
Q
acetic acid synthesis
A
Adolph Kolbe
14
Q
concept of biological
receptor
A
British pharmacologist John
15
Q
First alkaloid synthesis –
A
Coniine
16
Q
sidechain theory
A
Paul Ehrlich
17
Q
Mass production of Quinine Sulfate was in ___ factory
A
Pelletier Factory
18
Q
Coniine is isolated from ____
A
Hemlock
19
Q
Only Liquid Alkaloid
A
Coniine
20
Q
Aspirin was discovered by
A
Felix Hoffman
21
Q
20th Century aka
A
Rise of Synthetic Chemotherapeutic Agents
22
Q
discovered Penciliin
A
Alexander Fleming
23
Q
Prontosil / Sulfamidochrysoidine
A
Gerhard Domagk
24
Q
-single most important
breakthrough in psychiatric
treatment
A
Chlorpromazine
25
-antidepressant
Iproniazid
26
-first dibenzazepine
Imipramine
27
-first commercially successful
SSRI
Fluoxetine
28
discovered Oxytocin
Henry Dale
29
discovered Thyroxine
Edward Kendall
30
discovered Insulin (2)
Frederick Banting & Charles Best
31
Russel Marker converted Diosgenin to
Progesterone
32
discovered Noerthindrone
Carl Djerassi
33
discovered Progesterone + Noerthindrone
John Rock
34
Abortion Pill
Mifepristone
35
Morning-After Pill
Mifepristone + Misoprostol
36
-dentist who administered Nitrous
oxide during tooth extraction
Horace Wells
37
-used ether as an anesthetic agent
Crawford Long
38
-gave the first successful public
demonstration of surgical anesthesia
(1846)
William Morton
39
-used as anesthetic agent at St.
Bartholomew’s Hospital
Chloroform
40
- Induces sleep
Laudanum
41
synthesized 5,5-diethylbarbituric acid
Adolph Von Beyer
42
Developed due to modification of
the barbituric acid molecule
Hydantoins
43
Company that introduced Phenobarbital
Bayer Pharm'l Company
44
isolated cocaine
Albert Niemann
45
-First to use cocaine for topical
anesthesia in ophthalmological
surgery
Carl Koller
46
-determined the structure of cocaine
and atropine
Richard Willstater
47
-structural analogs of cocaine (4)
Benzocaine, procaine, tetracaine and
lidocaine
48
Humulin is produced by
Eli Lilly
49
1st genetically engineered insulin approved by the FDA
Humulin
50
First orally active contraceptive
Noerthindrone
51
morning-after pill AKA
Plan B
52
Cocaine is isolated from
Erythroxylum coca
53
Which is Lipid Soluble? Digoxin or Digitoxin
DIGITOXIN
54
William Withering discovered _____ was
beneficial to those suffering from abnormal fluid
buildup
Digitalis purpurea
55
E. Humolle and T. Quevenne isolated
Digitoxin
56
discovered the first anticholesterol drug
Akira Endo
57
discovered Lovastatin
Merck
58
isolated digoxin
Sydney Smith
59
-used for leukemia therapy (2)
Sulfur mustard and nitrogen mustard
60
-first effective for leukemia, discovered by George
Hitchings and Gertrude Elion
6-mercaptopurine
61
Gold Standard for Cancer
CISPLATIN
62
2nd Best for Cancer
CARBOPLATIN
63
discovered by Moeroe Wall and
Masukh Wani
PACLITAXEL
64
Paclitaxel is isolated from
Pacific Yew Tree - Taxus brevifolia
65
A scientific discipline at the intersection
of chemistry and pharmacy involved with
designing, synthesizing and developing
pharmaceutical drugs.
Organic
Pharmaceutical
Chemistry
66
It also includes the study of existing
drugs, their biological properties, and
their Quantitative Structure-Activity
Relationships(QSAR).
Organic
Pharmaceutical
Chemistry
67
Involves the identification, synthesis and
development of new chemical entities
suitable for therapeutic use.
Medicinal
Chemistry
68
Focused on quality aspects of medicines
and aims to assure fitness for the
purpose of medicinal products
Pharmaceutical
Chemistry
69
is a strategy of the essential importance for chemistry and
pharmacy, based on the idea that when we change a
structure of a molecule then also the activity or property of
the substance will be modified.
Quantitative Structure-Activity
Relationships (QSAR)
70
– including a clinical condition and treated with the test drug
In Vivo
71
drug activity is tested on isolated tissues or cells
In Vitro
72
compound showing a desired pharmacological property which can be used
to initiate a medicinal chemistry project
LEAD COMPOUND
73
Enzyme (In Vitro or In Vivo)
IN VITRO
74
Drug discovered thru Serendipity
PENICILLIN
75
NMR meaning
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
76
Specific Compound AKA
Pharmacopore
77
the science of the properties of the drugs and its
effects in the body
PHARMACOLOGY
78
the study of the interaction of drugs with cells
PHARMACODYNAMICS
79
the handling of a drug within the body, it includes
the ADME processes
PHARMACOKINETICS
80
in vitro and in vivo testing
Toxicity Testing
81
determination of LD 50
Toxicity Testing
82
the general area of study concerned with the
formulation, manufacturing, stability and
effectiveness of a pharmaceutical dosage form
Pharmaceutics
83
Filed before drug may be given to human (clinical trials)
IND
84
submitted for review and approval after the
completion of the clinical trials and requirements have
been met.
NDA
85
– Abbreviated NDA (Generic Drug)
ANDA
86
Foreign Compounds aka
Xenobiotics
87
main site of metabolism and detoxification of
endo/exogenous compounds
LIVER
88
– pass thru the liver before being further distributed
in body compartments
PO drugs
89
Metabolism before reaching systemic circulation
First-Pass Effect
90
– Limit the BA of orally administered drugs
First-Pass Effect
91
principal psychoactive compound in marijuana
THC
