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intro to health careers > med term chp. 13 > Flashcards

med term chp. 13 Flashcards

(106 cards)

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1
Q

albumin

A

blood protein that maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

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2
Q

antibody

A

immunoglobulin produced by lymphocytes to combat specific antigens

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3
Q

antigen

A

forgein substance that stimulates the production of an antibody

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4
Q

basophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain blue; associated with release of histamine and heparin

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5
Q

bilirubin

A

orange yellow pignment in bile; formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin

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6
Q

coagulation

A

blood clotting

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7
Q

differentiation

A

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures

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8
Q

electrophoresis

A

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

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9
Q

eosinophil

A

white blood cell containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

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10
Q

erythrocyte

A

rbc

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11
Q

erytrhoprotein

A

hormone secreted by kidneys that stimulate rbc formation

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12
Q

fibrin

A

protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot

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13
Q

fibrinogen

A

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

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14
Q

globulins

A

plamas proteins; ex.: alpha, beta, gamma

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15
Q

granulocyte

A

wbc w/ numberous dark staining granules; neutrophil, basophil, and eosinophil

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16
Q

hemoglobin

A

blood protein containing iron

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17
Q

hemolysis

A

destruction or breakdown of blood

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18
Q

immune reaction

A

response of immune system to foreign invasion

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19
Q

plasma

A

liquid portion of the blood

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20
Q

macrophage

A

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces; a phagocyte

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21
Q

lymphocyte

A

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

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22
Q

herapin

A

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

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23
Q

hematopoietic stem cell

A

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms; found in bone marrow

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24
Q

immunoglobulin

A

protein with antibody activity; ex.: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE

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25
neutrophil
wbc contianing granules and formed in bone marrow
26
plasmapheresis
removal of plasma from the withdrawn blood by centrifuge
27
platelet (thrombocyte)
small blood granment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process
28
reticulocyte
immature rbc
29
serum
plasma minus clottting proteins and cells
30
anticoagulant
substance that stops blood clotting
31
coagulophathy
disorder or disease of clottting
32
cytology
study of cells
33
erytrhrocytopenia
deficiency of rbc
34
hematocrit
percentage of rbc in volume of blood
35
hemoglobinopahty
disorder marked by abnormality in hemoglobin
36
hemolysis
destruction or breakdown of blood (rbc)
37
hypochromic
pertaining to a deficiency in color (rbc)
38
leukocytoPENIA
deficiency of wbc
39
myeloBLAST
immature bone marrow cell
40
MORPHology
study of shape (of cells)
41
neutroPENIA
deficiency of neutrophils
42
MYELOdysplasia
abnormal formation of bone marrow
43
MONOcyte
wbc with one large nucleus
44
PHAGOcyte
cell that eats or swallows bacteria and debris
45
SIDEROpenia
deficiency of iron
46
THROMBOCYTOpenia
deficiency of platelets
47
POLYMORPHOnuclear
pertaining to a wbc with multilobed (shaped) nucleus
48
erythroblast
immature rbc
49
leukapheresis
wbc are serpated from other parts of the blood
50
marcocytosis
abnormal condition of large rbc
51
microcytosis
abnormal condition of small rbc
52
monoblast
immature wbc
53
plasmapheresis
plasma is sperarated from other parts of the blood
54
plateletpheresis
clotting cells are separated from other parts of the blood
55
poikilocytosis
abnormal condition of rbc that are irrgularly shaped
56
spherocytosis
abnormal condition of rounded rbc
57
immunoGLOBULIN
antibody containing protein in blood
58
thromboLYTIC therapy
therapy mused to dissolve (breakdown) clots
59
myelOID
resembling bone marrow cells
60
granuloCYTOPENIA/ granuloPENIA
deficiency of granulocytes
61
meutroPHILIA
increase in numbers of neutrophils
62
thrombOSIS
abnormal condition of clotting
63
hematoPOIESIS
formation of blood
64
panCYTOPENIA/ panPENIA
deficiency of all types of blood cells
65
myeloPOIESIS
formation of bone marrrow cells
66
hemoSTASIS
stopping or controlling the flow of blood
67
aplastic anermia
fialure of blood cell production due absence of formation of bone marrow cells
68
hemocromatosis
excess iron deposits throughout the body
69
hemolytic anemia
reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction
70
hemophilia
excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factor VIII or favotr X necessary for blood bclottin
71
monoculceosis
infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymp nodes
72
pernicious anemia
lack of mature erytrhocytes caused by inablitity to absorb vitamin B12 into the body
73
polychythemia vera
gernal increase in rbc (erythremia)
74
purpura
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skkin
75
sickle cell anemia
hereditary condition characterized by abnormal cresent shape of the rbc and by hemolysis
76
thhalassemia
inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background
77
chronic lymphoid leukimia (CLL)
abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow, lympth nodes, and spleen
78
acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
immature tranulocytes are predominate in the bone marrow
79
chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
both mature and immature tranulocytes are present in the bone marrow and bloodstream
80
acute lymphoid leykemia (ALL)
immature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow and lymph nodes
81
dyscrasia
any disease of the blood or bone marrow
82
ecchymoses
large blue or purplish patches on the skin (bruises)
83
eosinophilia
increase in numbers of granulocytes associated with allergic conditions
84
Epstein-Barr virus
causative agent in mononucleosis
85
iron deficiency anemia
sideropenia is the cause of this condition
86
multiple myeloma
malignant meoplams of bone marrow
87
palliative
relieving, but not curing disease
88
petechiae
tiny purple or red flat spots on the skin as a result of hemorrhages
89
relapse
disease symptoms and signs reappear
90
remission
disappearance of signs and symptoms of disease
91
antiglobulin test
test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes
92
bleeding time
time required for blood to stop flowing from a tiny puncture wound
93
coagulation time
time required for nevous blood to clot in a test tube
94
compelte blood count
determination of number of blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit, and other rbc values
95
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma
96
hemoglobin test
total amount of hemoglobin in a smaple of peripheral blood
97
platelet count
number of thrombocytes per cubic milimeter or microliter of blood
98
rbc count
number of erythrocytes per cubic milimeter or microliter of blood
99
rbc morphology
microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine shape of rbcs
100
apheresis
separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select portion from the blood
101
blood transfusion
whole blood or cells are taken from donor and infused into a patient
102
bone marrow biopsy
microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow reoved with a needle
103
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
peripheral stem cells from a donor are administered into a recipient
104
prothrombin time
test of the ability of blood to clot
105
wbc count
number of leukocytes per cubic milimeter of blood
106
wbc differntial
percentages of the difference types of leukocytes in the blood

intro to health careers (8 decks)

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