Media Influences on Anti Social Behaviour Flashcards
(42 cards)
What are the 4 explanations of Media on AS behaviours
1) Observational learning/imitation
2) Cognitive priming
3) Desensitisation
4) Justification
What is Observational Learning and Imitation based on
SLT
Who do children observe on TV which might influence their own behaviour
Media models (especially those who child admires and identifies with)
Positive/negative consequences of violent behaviour are shown. Why might this lead to imitation?
If model is successful in gaining objectives
What increases the likelihood of a child recreating the AS scenes of a TV show?
- More ‘real’
- More child identifies with model
What evidence from natural experiment supports the observational learning and imitation theory?
10 day analysis following boxing championships, signif rise in murders
What is a limitation of the observational learning and imitation theory?
Bandura’s study provides main underlying support, but we cannot rely on this link
Why is Banduras study the main underlying support for OLAI?
Imitation took place even when such models were not real (cartoon)
Why is such imitation rare outside of Bandura type studies?
- Lab experiment, lacks mundane realism
- Children reported as aggressive outside of condition
Children in Banduras study were already rated as aggressive outside of the study. What does this show?
- Cannot establish cause and effect
- Pre-existing factors, confounding variables
What is Cognitive Priming?
Activation of aggressive thoughts & feelings
What can cognitive priming explain?
Why children observe one kind of aggression and commit another
In the CP explanation, what does exposure to aggression do?
- Viewer is primed
- Network of aggression based memories are retrieved from this stimulus
In CP, what does frequent exposure to violent scenes mea?
Scripts are stored for aggressive behaviour
Who provided support for Cognitive Priming
Josephson
What was the method of Josephsons study?
- Hockey players frustrated
- Shown either violent or non violent film where actor held walkie talkie
What was found in Josephsons study?
- MOst aggressive if had seen violent film and referee was holding walkie talkie
Why were the players more aggressive in Josephsons study?
Walkie talkie had clearly acted as cue for aggression
What does the desensitisation explanation assume under normal conditions?
Anxiety about violence inhibits its use
Desensitisation: what might frequent violence exposure do
- Desensitise
- More child watches, more acceptable it becomes
How might desensitisation affect a childs violence?
Exposure to violence becomes generalised to real world - less anxiety
If there is less anxiety centred around violence then…
It is easier to commit
What is a AO2 point for desensitisation?
Limited support
What does Cumberbatch say about desensitisation?
- ‘Getting used’ to on-screen violence does not always mean used to IRL vilence
