medical emergency Flashcards by priya bagri

what are the 4 vital signs

pulse rate, respiration, temperature, blood pressure

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factors that influence vital signs

emotional; stress, fear

physical; illness, drinking, being rushed

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what is the normal pulse rate for adult and children of 10+yrs

60-100 beats per minute

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what is the normal pulse rate for children 1-10 yrs

70-130 beats per minute

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what is the normal pulse rate birth to age 1

100-150 beats per minute

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Tachycardia

increased pulse

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bradycardia

decreased pulse

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what caused increased pulse rates (tachycardia)

smoking, exercise, coffee, infections

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what causes decreased pulse rates (bradycardia)

depressants, fasting, sleep deprivation

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number of beats that occur during the counting period

rate

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the pattern of the beats, such as skipping, speeding up, or slowing down of a beat

rhythm

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the force of the beat, such as a strong or a weak beat

volume

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radial artery

located on the inner surface of the wrist

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what is the most commonly used artery in the dental office

radial artery

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brachial artery

located on the inner fold of the arm. Also referred to as the “antecubital area” of the elbow

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what artery is used when taking a patients blood pressure

brachial artery

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carotid artery

found below the angle of the mandible.

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which artery has the strongest pulse

carotid artery

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what is the pulse rate

the rhythmic expansion of an artery as the heartbeats

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what is respiration

a process of inhaling and exhaling. Function to supply oxygen to the tissues and elimante co2

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Adult respiration values

10 -20 breaths per minute

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child respiration values

18-30 breaths per minute

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infant values (breaths)

30-50 breaths per minute

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t/f; respiration in adult males is primarily abdominal (from the diaphragm)

true

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t/f; respiration in adult females is primarily coastal ( from the chest)

true

apnea

absence of breathing

dyspnea

painful and difficult breathing

hyperpnea

increased rate of respiration

rales

bubbling, rattling, crackling sound

define temperature

degree of hotness or coldness of the body internal environment

average oral reading

37 degree/ 98.6 F

normal oral range

36.4-37.3 degree / 97.6-99 F

oral

under tongue

tympanic

ear

axillary

underarm

rectal

anal

forehead

temporal

types of thermometers

glass, digital, tympanic, temporal scanner

medulla oblongata

the control center of the brain. | Controls blood pressure pulse and respiration

temperature is controlled by the

hypothalamus

Define blood pressure

amount of labor the heart has to exert to pump blood throughout the body

systolic pressure

sharp tapping sounds. | The highest pressure is exerted by the contraction of the left ventricle of the heart

diastolic pressure

soft tapping sounds. Reflects the heart muscle at rest, allowing the heart to take in blood to be oxygenated before the next contraction occurs

normal blood pressure should be

less than 120/80

hypertension

higher than normal blood pressure

hypotension

lower than normal blood pressure

hypertension stage 1

140-159/90-99

hypertension stage 2

160-179/100-109

hypertension stage 3

higher than 180/110 emergency care is needed

sphygmomanometer (cuff and gauge)

the instrument used to measure blood pressure by controlling the flow of the blood In the artery

stethoscope

used to amplify korotkoff sounds that occur within the artery

korotkoff sounds

sounds produced by the blood rushing back into the brachial artery, which has been collapsed by the pressure of the bp cuff

arrhythmia

irregularity in the force or rhythm of the heartbeat

tachycardia

increased pulse

bradycardia

resting heart rates that are abnormally low

fetid

foul breath may indicate a lung, bronchial or digestive infection or disorder

acetone

the sweet, fruity breath may indicate diabetes

ammonia

indicates kidney problems

alcohol

the patient may have been drinking or taking certain drugs

color of an oxygen tank

green

components of oxygen equipment

oxygen tank, regulator, pressure gauge, flowmeter, face mask

nitroglycerin

vasodilator for angina will increase oxygenated blood supply to the heart

antihistamines

for allergic reactions

epinephrine

pre-loaded EpiPen for anaphylactic shock

bronchodilator

for asthma

(emergency kit) pocket mask

for mouth to mouth ventilation

(emergency kit) ammonia inhalent

for fainting (syncope)

(emergency kit) sugar cubes

for hypoglycemia/insulin shock

(emergency kit) atropine

to increase pulse rate

unconsciousness

syncope/fainting

altered consciousness

hypoglycemia( insulin shock) is most common or abnormally low blood sugar

what are an abscessed tooth and the signs and symptoms

one of the most common dental emergencies, tooth has become infected. symptoms include pain, swelling and heat

medical emergency Flashcards

(72 cards)