MIDTERM Flashcards by priya bagri

anatomy

study of shape and structure

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physiology

study of how body functions

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midsaggital AKA median plane

vertical plane divides body into equal left/right halves

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sagittal plane

divides the body, from top to bottom, into unequal left and right portions.

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horizontal plane aka transverse plane

divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.

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cavity located at the back of the body is

dorsal cavity

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cavity located at the front of the body

ventral cavity

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contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, and trachea

thoracic cavity

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houses the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, and most of the intestines.

abdominal cavity

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axial

consists of head neck and trunk

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appendicular

consists of the arms and legs

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body tissue that bind and support other tissues

connective

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federal government lead agency for scientific research on oral, dental, and craniofacial disease

NIDCR

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2 major cavities in the body

dorsal/ ventral

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tonsils are located where

posterior of the oral cavity

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space between the tooth and free gingival is

gingival sulcus

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bone that separates each alveolus

interdental septum

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which cells for dentin

odontoblasts

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how many posteriors in the permanent dentition

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how many molars are there in permanent dentition

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study causes of the disease

etiology

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which item is not recommended to use a dental use

sodium hypochlorite

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correct autoclave technique

121 degree, 15 psi, 20 min

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malpractice

professional negligence

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study of the structure and function of tissues on a microscopic level

histology

study of prenatal development

embryology

most critical period

embryonic period , beginning of 2nd week to the end of the 8th week

proliferate

increase in number

differentiate

change into tissues and organs

fetal period

9th week - birth

ectoderm layer

outer layer

mesoderm layer

middle layer

endoderm layer

inner layer

first sign of tooth development is found where

anterior mandibular region

supernumerary teeth

extra teeth in the dentition

macrodontia/microdontia

abnormally large teeth | abnormally small teeth

osteoblasts/osetoclasts

responsible for new bone formation . | bone cells are resorbed

bud stage aka

initiation

cap stage aka

proliferation

bell stage aka

histodifferentiation

ameloblasts which are

enamel forming cells

odontoblasts which are

dentin-forming cells

maxilla must be

parallel to the floor

midsagittal plane is

perpendicular to the floor

areas of most sensitive gag reflex

soft palate and a posterior-lateral third of the tongue

anatomic crown/clinical crown

a portion of the tooth covered by enamel | a portion of the tooth visible in the mouth

metal in an amalgam that slows done setting time

tin

the bone that separates each alveolus

interdental septum

papillae which cover the entire tongue to provide the sense of touch

filiform

extraoral film cassetes are

rigid and flexible

term for specialized cells

differentiation

the earliest sign of tooth development appear during pregnancy

1st trimester

corners of the lips are called

commissures

striated muscle aka

voluntary muscle

first oral indicator of syphillis

chancre sore

exposure factor that controls contrast

kvp

most resistant form of bacteria

spores

father of microbiolgy

Louis Pasteur

cone is pointing upward this is a ______ vertical angle

negative

MA setting will directly affect

film density

when adjusting kvp it will affect the films

density

vertical angulation of the PID creates

foreshortening & elongation

Which nerve passes through the mandibular foramen (of the mandible)

inferior alveolar nerve

which cranial nerve innervates all muscles of mastication

fifth

name of horseshoe-shaped bone where muscles of the tongue and the floor of the mouth attach

hyoid

largest salivary gland

parotid

artery behind the ramus and has 5 branches

inferior alveolar artery

which artery supplies maxillary molars, premolars, teeth and gingiva

posterior superior alveolar artery

how many parts of cranial nerves are connected to the brain

12 pairs

which type of dental examination would lymph nodes be palpated

extraoral examination

term for enlarged or palpable lymph nodes

lymphadenopathy

pear-shaped pad or tissue behind the maxillary incisors

incisive papilla

the thin fold of mucous membrane that extends from the floor of the mouth to the underside of the tongue

lingual frenum

junction of two tooth surfaces of a tooth is the

line angle

term for how teeth are positioned during chewing is

functional occlusion

someone who has an incorrect bite has a diagnosis of

malocclusion

classification is neutroclusion

class 1

name for the developmental horizontal lines on anterior teeth

imbrication lines

what features border the occlusal table of a posterior tooth

marginal ridges

bacteria that cause dental caries

mutans streptococci

mineral in enamel makes the crystal easier to dissolve

carbonated apatite

dental caries that occur under or adjacent t to existing dental restorations is termed

recurrent caries

a patient with the rapid and extensive formation of caries is given a diagnosis of

rampant caries

lesions BELOW the surface

ulcers

lesions ABOVE the surface

blisters

lesions are even with the surface

bruises

condition results from an infection caused by a yeastlike fungus

leukoplakia

cause for radiation caries

lack of saliva

common precancerous lesion among users of smokeless tobacco

leukoplakia

macrognathia/micrognathia

abnormally large jaw | abnormally small jaw

bony growths in the palate

torus palatinus

what agency released infection control guidelines

CDC

sterile gloves would most commonly be worn for

surgical procedure

primary role of the CDC

public health

primary focus of OSHA

employees

Focal spot in the anode

tungsten target

overall darkness or blackness of a radiograph

contrast

aluminum plate

avoids long waves

who discovered X-rays

w.c. roentgen

first person to expose a dental radiograph

Otto walkhoff

a structure that appears dark | structure that appears light

radiolucent | radiopaque

The solution that removes the silver halide crystals that were not exposed to radiation is the

developer

Which of the following can cause white spots if splashed on radiographs during processing?

fixer

Which of the following can cause black spots if splashed on radiographs during processing?

developer

The embossed dot or “bump” on the film packet is always placed:

toward PID