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COMD 3100 > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

-ology

A

The study of

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2
Q

Cytology

A

Study of Cells

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3
Q

Mycology

A

Study of muscles.

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4
Q

Thorax

A

The chest region.

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5
Q

Abdomen

A

Bell or abdominal area.

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6
Q

Trunk

A

Made up of the thorax and abdomen.

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7
Q

Pelvis

A

Area of the hip bones.

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8
Q

Caput

A

Head

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9
Q

Cranial portion of the skull.

A

Houses the brain and it composition.

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10
Q

Facial portion of the skull.

A

Houses the mouth, pharynx and the nasal cavity.

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11
Q

Upper Extremity

A

Arm, forearm, wrist, and hand.

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12
Q

Lower Extremity

A

Thigh, leg, ankle, and foot.

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13
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Body erect, palms and hands face forward.

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14
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

Head and trunk.

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15
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

Lower and upper limbs.

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16
Q

Coronal Plane

A

Divides body into front and back halves.

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17
Q

Transverse Plane

A

Divides body into upper and lower planes.

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18
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Divides body into right and left halves.

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19
Q

Anterior or Ventral

A

Front surface

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20
Q

Posterior or Dorsal

A

Towards the back

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21
Q

Lateral

A

Towards the side

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22
Q

Superior or Cranial

A

Above or towards the head.

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23
Q

Inferior or Caudal

A

Below or towards the tail.

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24
Q

Proximal

A

Nearer to the point of reference or origin.

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25
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the point of reference such as origin or attachment.

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26
Q

Abduct

A

Away from the midline of the body.

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27
Q

Adduct

A

Towards the midline of the body.

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28
Q

Superficial

A

Towards the surface.

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29
Q

Peripheral or Deep

A

Away from the surface.

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30
Q

Flexion or Extension

A

Bending of a joint.

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31
Q

Cells

A

Basic structures of all living things.

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32
Q

Protoplasm

A

Semi fluid which appears as. A clear substance or granular appearance.

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33
Q

5 Cell Traits

A

Irritable, growth, spontaneous movement, metabolism, and reproduction.

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34
Q

Two parts of the Nucleus

A

Chromatin (DNA) and Nucleolus (ribosomes)

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35
Q

Cytoplasm

A

80% water and 20% protein

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36
Q

4 types of Tissues

A

Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous.

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37
Q

Epithelial

A

Layer of mucous membranes and cells that comprise the skin and other linings of the body including body cavities and tubes.

38
Q

Simple Epithelial

A

Single layer of epithelial cells that rest on a basement membrane.

39
Q

Compound Epithelial

A

Many layers of cells that rest on a basement membrane.

40
Q

Basement Membrane

A

Underlies epithelial tissue and can be used for a number of function.

41
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Provide support and protection to the body.

42
Q

Areolar Tissue

A

Loose connective tissue of interlacing fibers.

43
Q

Adipose Tissue

A

Highly concentrated in fat cells.

44
Q

White Fibrous Tissue

A

Binds structures together and is highly dense.

45
Q

Yellow Elastic Tissue

A

Found in areas that require recoil of connective tissue.

46
Q

Lymphoid Tissue

A

Specialized connective tissue

47
Q

Cartilage

A

A flexible and firm type of specialized CT

48
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Bluish-white color and smooth.

49
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Dense and white with flexible fibers.

50
Q

Yellow Cartilage

A

Firm and elastic.

51
Q

Compact Bone

A

Dense and gives bone its smooth white appearance.

52
Q

Spongy/Cancellous Bones

A

More porous and usually found at the end of bones.

53
Q

Blood

A

Is made of plasma (which is the fluid part) and red and white blood cells suspended in a matrix.

54
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Specialized contractile tissue.

55
Q

Striated Muscle

A

Has a striped appearance and classified as a voluntary muscle that moves in response to conscious, voluntary movment.

56
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

Part of the autonomic or involuntary nervous system which is outside of voluntary control.

57
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

Found in the Heart.

58
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Specialized tissue that allows for communication throughout the body.

59
Q

Neurons

A

Nerve cells that transmit information neuron to neuron.

60
Q

Fascia

A

Connective tissue that surrounds muscles, groups of muscles, organs, blood vessels, or nerves.

61
Q

Tendons

A

Tough, non-elastic cords, attach muscles to bone, muscles to cartilage, or muscle to muscle.

62
Q

Aponeurosis

A

Broad sheets of tendonous expansions serving as a covering for muscle.

63
Q

Ligaments

A

Elastic fibers which join bone to bone, bone to cartilage, and cartilage to cartilage.

64
Q

Characteristics of Bones

A

Long, short, flat, irregular, and accessory.

65
Q

Joints

A

Connection between bones or cartilage and classified by degree of movement.

66
Q

Diarthrodial Joints

A

High mobility and also known as Synovial joints.

67
Q

Plane or Gliding Joints

A

Touching surfaces of the bone are flat.

68
Q

Spheroid Joints

A

Concave and convex partenership.

69
Q

Condylar Joints

A

Shallow versions of ball and socket joints.

70
Q

Trochoid Joints

A

Permits only rotation.

71
Q

Sellar Joints

A

Ball and socket joint with a saddle like appearance.

72
Q

Ellipsoid Joints

A

Shallow ball and socket joint with a football shaped portion.

73
Q

Hinge Joints

A

Act like a hinge, permits only flexion and extension.

74
Q

Amphiarthrodial Joints

A

Limited mobility and also known as Cartilaginous Joints

75
Q

Synchrondrosis

A

Cartilage that ossifies through aging.

76
Q

Symphysis

A

Bone connected by fibrocartilage.

77
Q

Synarthrodial Joints

A

No mobility and also known as Fibrous Joints.

78
Q

Syndesmosis

A

Joints that are bound by fibrous ligaments.

79
Q

Sutures

A

Joints between bones of the skull.

80
Q

Muscles

A

Can be long or short and all have a point of origin and insertion.

81
Q

Origin

A

Least mobile point of attachment.

82
Q

Insertion

A

Point of attachment that moves when a muscle is contracted.

83
Q

Agonist

A

Muscles that move a structure.

84
Q

Antagonist

A

Muscles that oppose movement.

85
Q

Synergist

A

Muscles that stabilize structures.

86
Q

4 Parts of the Speech System

A

Respiratory, Phonatory, Articulatory, and Resonatory.

87
Q

Respiration

A

Respiratory passageways, lungs, trachea, etc.

88
Q

Phonatory

A

Voiced sound, components of respiratory systems.

89
Q

Articulatory

A

Structures that alter speech sound including tongue, lips, teeth, soft palate.

90
Q

Resonatory

A

Nasal cavity, and soft palate.

91
Q

Speech Body System

A

All systems work simultaneously to produce speech.

COMD 3100 (19 decks)

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