medival Flashcards
(11 cards)
when did Aethelred rule and what did he do in his reign
978-1013
1014-1016
lost battle of maldon to dane’s (991).
instead of fighting his tried bribe them. start £10,000 then 48,000
StBrice’s day massacre 1002.
killing of all dane’s in england
killed forkbeard’s sister. led to invasion of england 1013
aethelred abandoned kingdom and find shelter in normandy
1014 forkbeard dead, aethelred return as king
when did Cnut king of denmark and normandy rule and what did he do in his reign
1016-1035
consolidated power, banishing+ executing english noblemen who could offer position
married aethelred’s widow
4 great earldoms, gave most powerful earldom to godwin
Godwin marry cnut sister
when did Edward the confessor rule and what did he do in his reign
1042-1066
very religious
built westminster abbey (stability of religion and political)
no children=no heir
made sheriffs and writs
sheriff= collect taxes
writs = documents of info or instructions
when did Harold Godwinson rule and what did he do in his reign
1066
rumour: washed coast of normandy+ oath william will have crown
crowned day after Edward died
attacked by haadrada in north
marched 5 days up to stamford bridge
surprise= haadrada killed in battle
2 days later william attack south
godwinson march 240 miles down
hasting lost because false retreat by william
arrow in eye belief
when did William the conquerer rule and what did he do in his reign i
1066-1087
feudal system pyramid
normal bishops and archbishop
crushed several rebellions
ensured many prominent anglo earls kept lands and titles for support
appointed local rulers who suppress revolts
rewarded nobles who fought with him in hastings with land confiscated from anglo saxons
harrying of north forces deprived north of food and recourses. 150,000 dead
motte and bailey castles
5000 knights control a local population
doomsday book- surgery of land + resources each person had so accurate taxes
when did Henry II rule and what did he do in his reign
1154-1189
appoint thomas becket archbishop of canterbury
becket want charge clergy under church law
Henry wanted charge under criminal law
fell out and henry got his way
constitutions of clarendon (1164) wrote church was below crown in legal text
becket regret agree and try reverse
henry angered try accuse becket
becket scared. fled abroad
henry hear becket go around country excommunicating bishops who were loyal to henry
‘will no one rid me of this turbulent priest’
4 knights go canterbury confront becket
hacked him to death in cathedral
1174 henry barefoot walk canterbury whipped by monks
when did John rule and what did he do in his reign
1199-1216
john raised taxes to very high level and lost war losing normandy to france
john made his friend john de gray archbishop despite pope say no
caused whole country excommunicated
1214 lose to french again despite even more tax raise
barons angry charge london
john force sign magna carta
39- people tried by jury
40- king not allowed to sell justice
61- 25 barons ensure king follow these rules
when did Henry III rule and what did he do in his reign
1216-1272
failed invasion of france in attempt to win back lost land (1230)
1258 forced since provisions of oxford by simon de montford and barons
stated king had to with advice of council with 24 barons
12 from baron, 12 from king
select privy council of 15 men
first form of parliament (3 time annual meet)
1264 civil war
king vs montford
king lost+ captured at battle of lewis
when did Edward I rule and what did he do in his reign
1272-1307
conquered wales scotland and lost parts of france
summoned parliament regularly despite power to rule without one
ensure peace and stability
1295 called model parliament
knights+ representatives from local towns called to make up the commons
reissued magma carta in 1297
to fund campaigns in more legal + fair means compared to prev
when did richard II rule and what did he do in his reign
poll tax= more money from poor
peasants had enough + riots
peasants revolt led by WAT TYLER
because of high taxation for war w france
agree to meet with rebels and promise mercy for those who opposed him
soon Tyler killed but peasants still believe promises and go home
king order suppression of rebels
over 5000 killed
promoted low rank men to power. worsened relation w barons
1386 possible invasion of france so ask parliament for $
parliament yes if remove new chancellor
king refused
1387 richard lose forced execute some allies
1397 richard arrested some who opposed him in 1387
when john died richard take bolingbroke’s inheritanve
at peace so campaign for ireland
bolingbroke return+ side w allies
richard met by bolingbroke
surender
1399 bolingbroke king as Henry IV
when did Richard III rule and what did he do in his reign
1483-1485
edward’s son meant to be king but young king and his brother richard duke of york declared illegitimate
richard as uncle seized throne
claimed marriage between parents invalid
nephews disappeared rumour of him ordering death
accusations of tyranny = damaged rep
henry tudor claimed rightful heir
marched to richard
richard killed in battle of bosworth field
