Medival Period Flashcards
(87 cards)
1
Q
When did the Medieval period end
A
Around AD 1500
2
Q
When was it
A
It is a time between the end of the Roman Empire and what we call the modern times
3
Q
What was the Feudal system
A
This is how the land was owned and society was organised in the Medieval period
4
Q
Who was at the top of the Feudal system
A
The King
5
Q
Who was second in the Feudal system
A
The vessels e.g Bishops and Abbots
6
Q
Who was third in the Feudal system
A
Knights,these were Soliders who rode on horse back
7
Q
Who was fourth in the Feudal system
A
Peasants both serfs and freemen though freeman were slightly above serfs
8
Q
When did the Medieval period begin
A
Ad 500
9
Q
What was a motte and Bailey castle
A
As soon as a lord got land from the King he built a castle on it.A motte and Bailey consisted of a motte(hill) moat(ditch around castle sometimes filled with water) a fort to spot enemies attacking and the Bailey were the knight and his Soliders lived
10
Q
What was a stone castle
A
When a Lord had control of the local countryside he replaced the motte and Bailey castles with stone castles.
11
Q
What was the keep
A
The keep was the main building of the castle it was where the Lord and lady lived.There Windows narrow slots so it made it hard for enemies to fire arrows.
12
Q
What were the battlements
A
They were on top of the keep Soliders kept watch up there all day.
13
Q
What were the curtain walls
A
The outer walls of the castle
14
Q
What were turrets
A
They were strong towers along the walls
15
Q
What was the drawbridge
A
The drawbridge was rised at night or if any enemies were approaching
16
Q
What was the porticulus
A
An iron grill that could be lowered in front of the gate
17
Q
What were rampats
A
They ran across the top of all the walls and were wide enough for the Soliders to walk across
18
Q
What was the moat
A
A ditch around the castle often filled with water.often it was part of a nearby river or stream
19
Q
Wha were the latrines
A
They were the toilets of the castle
20
Q
What did the Bailey consist of
A
Stables for knights horses,pigeon house for passenger pigeons,the kitchen were food was prepared,the forge where the blacksmith worked and the well for a supply of clean water.
21
Q
What was a swigs
A
When an enemy approached a castle,local people Rushed inside the castle walls for safety.Often an enemy surrounded the castle and wouldn’t let anyone in or out this was called a seige
22
Q
What was the battering rm
A
Attackers used it to pound the gate
23
Q
What were catapults used for
A
To hurl boulders or fire balls over the walls
24
Q
What was the ballista
A
A giant arrow which fired fire arrows
25
What were seige towers
They were like ladders to get closer to the castle walls
26
What wer tunnels
Often attackers built tunnels hoping the castle would calaspe .
27
What were seige ladders
They were used to try and climb the seige walls
28
Who owned the castle
The Lord did
29
What was the keep
A large square tower the lord and his family lived in
30
What were the stairs in a keep
Keeps had narrow stairs circling to the right since most Soliders were right handed this meant it was easier to fight going down the stairs then up.
31
What was on the top floor
The lords private apartments,the solar and the chapel
32
What was on the middle floor
The great hall and the minstrels gallery
33
What was on the lower floor
The storerooms and the dungeons
34
What was the solar
The room the lady worked in for example she did embroidery there
35
What could most lords not do and who did it for them
They could not read or write and the priest did it for them.
36
What did the great hall do
Everyone ate there and he collected rents and taxes and criminals were trailed there
37
What was more important then reading or writing which the priest taught boys up to seven years old
Good manners and fighting
38
What WA steered food lie
Rich people ate a lot of meat.There was usually two meals a day in the castle.Dinner was at noon and supper at 4pm but they could eat enormous portions.One meal might include duck,rabbit,hare,pork,boar,lamb and birds.The ate off big slices of bread called trenches
39
What were the clothes like
Rich men wore long tunics.Shoes were made of leather and were pointed.Women wore long dresses.It was fashionable for them to trail across the floor.Their head dress was called a wimple.Theses dresses were usually made of wool,but Crusaders coming back from the holy land brought silk.
40
What was hawking
Hunting with trained birds of prey
41
What were tournaments
Anevent were knights fought mock battles with each other.
42
What were melées
Fighting teams
43
What was the role of the lady of the castle
Was to marry and to have children.Their parents arranged the marriage.They learned spinning weaving embroidery and music instead of reading and writing.They learned how to cure illness using herbs.When the Lord was away his lady looked after the house hold.
44
What was the dowry
Money or goods that a woman's family gave her husband when they got married.
45
What three kinds of Soliders were in the castle
Foot solider :carried swords,daggers and shields
Archers:used bows and arrows some had longbows some crossbows which were more powerful
Knights:were the most important.They wore armour and rode on horse back
46
What did knights wear in battle
Helmet lance visor to protect the eyes sword shield and mace.
47
What three stages did a boy go through to become a knight
Page
Squire
Knight
48
What did the page do
When a lords son was seven years old,his father sent him to another castle to become.He learnt how to ride a horse and use a sword. He also learn to sing, dance and have good manners. He serve the lady at the castle at table and helps the Lord to chess.
49
What did the Squire do?
When the boy was 14 years old, he became Squire. You learn to fight on horseback, if there was a war he went with his Lord and helped him with his weapons and armour.
50
What did the night do and how did he become a night
When the Squire was 21 years old, he became a knight.This ceremony at which that happened was called dubbing.The Squire spent the previous night praying in the church.in the morning, he now before his Lord to put on his army, piece by piece. The Squire then swore to uphold the code of chivalry. That was a promise to be loyal to God, to protect women and children, and never to one away in a battle. Then his Lord touched him on the shoulder with his sword and said "arise sir knight".
51
What is Cheverly
A code of honour that said that a night should be brave, love God and protect women and children.
52
What was the toll.
A tax that the tail gate
53
What building in the mediaeval town were made of stone.
The parish church and other buildings.
54
What places did a mid evil town have
Hi walls gates high Street house church which merchants house Market Square and the fair green
55
What happened at the fair
Merchants came from all of the world. They. So silk and spices from Asia, brightly died woollen cloth from Italy and fares from Russia. And crafts people for things they needed for their work .acrobats, musicians and jugglers entertain the crowd
56
What was curfew
The time when all fires had to be put out in the town
57
What was leoparsy
People seldom washed and had fleas.Many suffered from skin disease one was leoparsy.leapers did not mix.This is how leopards town got its name.
58
What was the Black Death
Between 1347 and 1350 a terrible plague raged in Europe,which is thought to have wiped out a third of the population.Many more townspeople died the peasants because towns were crowded and very dirty.Many victims had swellings under their neck,armpit and groin.It was carried by the fleas of the black rat.
59
What was a charter
A legal document granted by the King that allowed people to run their own towns
60
What was the guild
A organinstation that every carftsperson had to belong to.Each guild controlled its own craft.
61
What was a carftsperson
A person who has learned a craft.
62
What three stages must a boy complete to become a master craftmen
Apprentice
Journeyman
Master
63
What did the apprentice do
At twelve he became an apprentice.For seven years he lived in the house of a craftsman to learn the trade.While there he got no pay
64
What did the journey man do
After seven years the apprentice became a journey man.Now he is paid for his work.He could leave his old master and travel around looking for better wages.
65
What did the master did
To become a master craftsman a journeyman had to produce a masterpiece.then he could have his own workshop and sell his goods in town.A long with a masterpiece the man had to pay a large payment to the guild.Most journey men vouldnt afford this so never became a master.
66
What was a Romanesque church
Round arches
Thick round columns
Dark interiors
67
What was a gothic church
```
Spires
Pointed arches
Slim columns
Stain glass windows
Flying butters rises
Gargoyles
```
68
Who was the leader of the monastery
Abbot
69
There were different Oder of monks and nuns such as ..?
Benedictines,ciatercians and poor Clare's.
70
What places were in a medieval monastery and what were they for
Church:where the months prayed seven times every day
Dormitory:where the monks slept
Cloisters:where the monks walk and prayed
Chapter house:where the monks mines try the business of the monist tree and select the Abbot
Infirmary: where are the sick were nursed
Library: where monks studied. It might include the scriptorium with a copy manuscripts
Guest house:where the monks gave food to poor people and travellers
Refectory:where the monks ate their meals
71
What was the Collister
A square in the centre of the monetary smell of a covered walkway is with a monks were walking pray
72
How did one become a monk
When a boy join a monastery he was called an office. You had to learn the rules and see if the life suits him. If the abattoir the novice would make a good monk he left him take the solemn vows. Dees were promises of poverty he must not oh anything chastity he must not married and obedient he must do with the Abbot told him. Then his hair was cut in a ton sure. This was a ball patch the middle of his head. It shows that a bar was a monk.
73
What were matins
Morning prayers
74
What very Vasper is
Evening prayers
75
What jobs can I book have and how did you do these
The Abbot was the head of the monist tree and was elected by the monks. When he was away on business this place is taken by the prior. The Almona look after the poor when they visited. The infirmarian looked after the sick at Director of the herbs use the magistrate. The labourer you look after the library. The hostel looked after the travellers.describe a copy manuscripts. The refectorian who cooked meals,
76
What were Friars
If people need it to be helped by a monk or non-they have to go to them. But I rent one thousand 200 a different kind of monk appeared. They were called frairs.Friars travel from place to place, working with the poor . One group of Friars was called the Francines after its founder, Saint Francis of Assisi. Other groups wer called the Dominicans and the Augustine's.
77
Who are the Normans
The Norwich but the feudal system to Ireland in the 1200s.Datacentre from Vikings and settle in Normandy, in France after 106 60 willed England.
78
How did they come to Ireland
Gaelic king of Leinster, Dermot McMurrough,invited the Normans to Ireland.he wanted their help to defeat the other Gaelic Kings are making self high king of Ireland.in 1169, Norman lords arrived in Wexford.The King of England, King Henry the second followed three years later.he had an army of four, 000 soldiers and 500 nights.The Gaelic Lord swirl loyalty to Henry. They hoped he would protect them from the Normans lords who are beginning to plunder and capture land in Ireland. Can you clear that he was a lawyer Diwali. After henry left, the Normans Lord's went on taking over large parts on. Is your beat the Irish because they were better equipped. The Normans had nice and heavy and heavy horses are my lances and sort it. They had artist to show who Sharon big Irish enemies with thousands of hours you can see the area of the Normans concert on the next page
79
Norman castles and manors
When the Normans conquered in error the Delta Martin Bailey Castle for the biggest tosses our Dublin Limerick train and cark Fergus. In the 1400 and 1500 ps The Normans and the Irish built smaller castles. They are called Tara houses and to see one in the picture below. In all, the Normans built over 2000 castles. Near castles, the normal set up my manor farms . They incurred peasant to come to come to Ireland from England the weather and the farm the land like they do at home.
80
Changes in the Irish Church
The Normans built many managers and the teacher us. Most of them in the got ecstatic. The H is the party system which we know today. Each Manor farm would become a parish with a priest and a church
81
New Irish towns
When the norms are in Ireland they found it very few towns. Dividing she would come to Ireland in the 800s had built Dublin, what a food, Wexford and Limerick, but most Irish people lived in scatter farms. Bananas talk times when port because people could train them. Norman lords set up many towns
82
Norman ancestors and names
The normal spot in farmers, crossmatch and merchants from England, Wales and France. New surname is appeared. These people are the answer is the many people in Ireland today.
83
New language
When the Normans arrived. Everyone in Ireland spoke Gaelic.The Normans and the Sakely is that followed them were the first people to use a form of English here.
84
Parliaments
Norman side of the first Parliament in Ireland
85
Law
The Irish had their own system of laws, called the Brehon laws.under eights, Orlando long to the family was divided among the sons of the family. Under Norman law, the eldest son. Inherited his fathers farm
86
Farming
The main activity of Gaelic farmers was tending herds of cattle. The normal spot new methods of farming. Date tilled the land Andrew wheat, oats, barley and vegetables
87
What was night prayers called
Compline
