Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing > Meds > Flashcards

Meds Flashcards

1
Q

ditiazem (Cardizem)

special uses

A

Calcium Channel Blocker
for A Fib, A Flutter and SVTs
in addition to Angina and HTN
same s/e, and N/I as other CCBs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Calcium Channel Blockers

A

Use: Angina HTN
Caution: use with Digoxin & BB
Contraindicated: HF, H Block or Brady
No grapefruit juice

S/E: Constipation, Peripheral edema, reflex Tachycardia

N/I: IV inject over 2-3min
Taper doses
Monitor HR and BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Verapamil (Calan)

special uses

A

Calcium Channel Blocker

For A Fib, A Flutter and SVT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Captopril (Capoten)

special directions

A

ACE Inhibitor

Take 60 min before meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ACE Inhibitors and ARBs

A

Antihypertensive, HF, MI, Diabetic Nephropathy

N/I-Monitor BP and K+ levels

S/E: -orthostatic hypotension

  • avoid hot tubs, saunas
  • *angioedema (adm. epi)
  • avoid use in 2nd and 3rd trimerster
  • *persistent dry cough
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

A

reduces intestinal bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Neomycin (Oral)

A

reduces intestinal bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

spironolactone (Aldactone)

A 
Diuretic Aldosterone antagonist
decreases K+ excretion (hyperkalemia)
increases Na+ excretion (hypernatremia)
Steven Johnson syndrome
Metabolic Acidoses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lactulose (Chronulac)

A

hyperosmotic laxative/
ammonia de-toxicant (hepatic enceph)
Hypernatremia
Hypokalema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
Alpha 2 Agonist
Clonidine
Guanfacine
Methydopa
reduces vascular resistance, HR, and BP
A

Use: Primary HTN - (may be used with other anti-HTN and diuretics) HTN crisis, severe cancer pain
do not use with: anticoagulations, hepatic failure, MAOI’s, lactation

S/E: Dry mouth
rebound HTN (don’t stop abruptly)
**Black/sore tongue
**leukopenia

N/I: CNS side effects
      CBC, HR, BP
      use at bedtime
      notify if involuntary jerky movement,
      prolonged dizziness, rash
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Alpha Adrenergic Blockers
-osin

Block receptors

A

Use: Primary HTN
-increased risk of HTN and cyncope if
w/other anti-HTNs, BB or diuretics
-watch INSAIDs, may reduce effect of prazosin

S/E - dizziness/fainting

N/I:- monitor HR & BP
–take at bedtime to reduce s/e of
HypoTN
-not OTC meds unless dr approved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

methyldopa (Aldomet)

special precautions

A

Alpha 2 Agonist
do not administer in IV line with
barbiturates or sulfonamides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Vancomycin

A

Toxic to Vessels

Red Man’s Syndrome is common (flushing/Upper body puritis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q 
Rapid Acting Insulin
     Drug name
     Onset
     Peak
     Duration
A

Drug name: Lispro (Humalong)
Onset: <15 min
Peak: 0.5- 1 hr
Duration: 3-4 hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q 
Short Acting Insulin
    Drug name
     Onset
     Peak
     Duration
A

Drug name: Regular (Humalin R)
Onset: 0.5- 1 hr
Peak: 2-3hr
Duration: 5-7hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q 
Intermediate Insulin
     Drug name
     Onset
     Peak
     Duration
A

Drug name: NPH ( Humalin N)
Onset:1-2hr
Peak: 4-12hr
Duration: 18-24

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q 
Long Acting Insulin 
    Drug name
     Onset
     Peak
     Duration
A

Drug name: I glargine
Onset: 1hr
Peak: none
Duration: 10.5-24hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which Insulin can be given in IV form?

A

Regular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When mixing Regular insulin with NPH, in what order do you inject air and draw up the insulin?

A

Air: NPH -> Regular
(Cloudy -> Clear)

Draw: Regular -> NPH
(Clear -> Cloudy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Heparin

     Class
     Administration
     Precautions
     Labs
     Antidote
A 
Anticoagulant
Give IV or SubQ
Rotate injection sites
Avoid NSAID, Aspirin, Salicylate
Monitor PTT every 4-6hr
       Norm- 16-40
       Therapeutic 1.5-2.5 X normal
       Alert if  >100

PROTAMINE SULFATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Warfarin (Cumadin)

     Class
     Administration
     Precautions
     Labs
     Antidote
A 
Anticoagulant
Oral
Avoid NSAID, Aspirin
Monitor INR every 4-6hr
       Therapeutic 2-3

VITAMIN K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Dabigatran (pradaxa)

 Class
 Administration
 Precautions
A

Anticoagulant
Oral
Avoid NSAID, Aspirin
Must discontinue Warfarin before starting
Discontinue 1-2 days before sx if possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Thronbolytics

 alteplase (Activase tPA)
 tenecteplase (TNKase)
 reteplase (Retavase)

When is use contraindicated
What is the time limit for tPA

A

Contraindicated for intracranial hemorrhage, active bleeding, aortic dissection, brain tumor of if they have had head trauma or CVA within the last 2 months

tPA within 4-6hr of onset of s/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Adverse GI effects of antacids

A

Other meds should be taken 1hr before or after antacid

Aluminum hydroxide
constipation
hypophosphatemia

Magnesium hydroxide (milk of mag)
diarrhea
hypermagnesemia
renal impairment

Sodium Bicarbonate
Constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

proton Pump Inhibitors

A

Take on empty stomach 30-60min before meal

Omeprazole (Prilosec)
May increase Digoxin level
Risk of infection, caution w/COPD

esomeprazole (Nexium)

Take on empty stomach 30-60min before meal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

H2 receptor antagonists

A

Zantac
famotidine (Pepcid)
cimetidne ( Tagament)

may cause toxicity with warfarin, phenytonin, lidocaine

Tagament increases risk of infection, caution w/COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Mucosal Protectors

Sucrafate (Carafate)

A

Adheres to ulcer, protects up to 6hr

Give 1hr before meal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

promethazine (Phenergan)

Side effects
Nursing interventions

A

Drowsy
Anticholinergic effects
EPS
Potentiates effect of narcotic

Monitor VS, toxic to vessels, can give IM in large muscle

29
Q

metoclopramide (Reglan)

Side effects
Nursing interventions

A 
Drowsy
Anticholinergic effects
EPS
Tardive dyskanesia
Restlessness

Teach about rapid GI emptying
Discontinue w/ signs of EPS

30
Q

ondansterone (Zofran)

Side effects
Nursing interventions

A

Headace
EPS

Administer 30min prior to chemo and 1-2hr prior to radiation

31
Q

Scopolamine (sea sickness ear sticker)

Side effects
Nursing interventions

A

Blurred vision
Sedation
Anticholinergic effect

Apply behind ear
Use lubrication eye drop
Don’t use with angle- closure glaucoma

32
Q

Loop and Thiazide Diuretics

Loop Thiazide
Lasix Duril
Bumex Hydroduril

A 
Hypovolemia
Ototoxity
Hypo K+
Hypo Na+
Hyperglycemia
Digoxin toxicity (w/ Hypo K+)
Lithium toxicity
33
Q

Alpha- Adernergic Blockers for Urinary Retention

bethanechol (Urechiline)

A

bethanechol (Urechiline)
Helps bladder tone for urinary hesitation (strong start)
DON’T give IM or IV
Give on empty stomach
S/E excessive salivation and tearing

34
Q

Alpha- Adernergic Blockers for Urinary Retention

tamsulosin (Flomax)

A 
tamsulosin (Flomax)
     Improves urine flow with BPH
     Must rule out bladder cancer first
     Take 30min after meal
     Take same time each day
     S/E decreased libido
35
Q 
Antibiotics
     Aminiglycosides
          Vancomycin
          Gentimicin
Uses
S/E
labs
Therapeutic ranges
A

Septicemia, Meningitis, pneumonia

high risk for ototoxity
nephrotoxicity

monitor Creatinine and BUN
Peak and Trough levels

Gentamicin therapeutic 4-12
Vancomycin 20-40

36
Q

Antibiotic
Cephalosporins
Keflex
claforan

Uses
S/E

A

URI, UTI

Causes sensitivity with penicillins

monitor for C-Diff

37
Q

Antibiotic
fluroquinolones
Cipro
Levaquin

Uses
S/E

A

Bronchitis, Chlamydia, gonorrhea, UTI, pneumonia, sinusitis

Caution with hepatic, renal, or seizure disorders

38
Q 
Antibiotic
     Macrolides
          Zthromax
          Biaxin
          Erythromycin

Uses
S/E

A

URI, sinusitis, whooping cough, chlamydia

Used if allergic to PCN
Give with meals

39
Q

Antibiotic
Nitrofurantoin
macrodantin

Uses
S/E

A

UT

Broad spectrum
Urine will be brown
Don’t give with renal dysfunction

40
Q

Antibiotic
Penicillins
Amoxil
Omnipen

Uses
S/E

A

Pnuemonia, septicemia, URI, endocarditic, rheumatic fever, GYN infection

hypersensitivity with possible anaphylaxis

41
Q

Antibiotic
Sulfonamides
Bactrin
Septra

Uses
S/E

A

UT, bronchitis, otitis media

Drink 3L of water/day
Avoid sun exposure
Use back up contraceptives

42
Q

Antibiotic
Tetracyclines
Vibramycin
Sumycin

A

Fungal, bacterial, protozoal, rickettsial, infection

Permanent tooth discoloration in children under 8
Drink 3L of water/day
Avoid sun exposure
Use back up contraceptives

43
Q

Antifungal

Diflucan

A

Candiddisis

Refrigerate
monitor renal and hepatic function
increase risk for bleeding if on anticoagulant

44
Q

Antimalarials
Plaquinil
Quinine

A

Rheumatoid arthritis
Lupus
Prevent malarial attacks

45
Q

Antituberculars
Isoniazid (INH)
Rifampin

A

Prevention and treatment of TB

Latent TB 6-9mo
Active TB up to 24mo

46
Q

Antiretrovirals
Zovirax
Valtrex
AZT

A

Genital herpes, HIV, Shingles

increase fluid intake
Start with first onset of s/s
Zovirax: Give on empty stomach
Valtrex: Give with meal

47
Q

Biophosphonates
Boniva
Reclast
Actonel

A

osteoporosis
Hyperglycemia r/t malignancy

Contraindicated while lactating
Contraindicated with esophageal strictures

absorption effected with calcium, orange juice, antacids, caffeine

Give in morning on empty stomach w/8oz water and sit up for 30 min

48
Q

Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs
DMARDS

     Methotrexate
     Plaquenil
     Embrel
     Remicade
     Humira
A

slow joint degeneration and progression of rheumatoid arthritis

Methorexate- contraindicated in pregnancy, renal or liver failure, alcoholism

increases risk for infection, bone marrow suppression, GI ulceration

3-6wk to be therapeutic

49
Q

Antigout medications
Allopurinol
Colchicine

A

Avoid foods high in purines

Allopurinol - inhibits uric acid production

Colchicine- prevent leukocytes from invading joints

50
Q 
Anti anxiety medications
  alprazolam (Xanax)
  buspirone (BuSpar)
  chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
  diazepam (Valium)
  lorazepam (Ativan)
A

Increase GABA to reduce anxiety

GAD
Insomnia
alcohol withdrawal

S/E
CNS depression, paradoxical response, withdrawal
Caution BuSpar and Valium w/ liver disease and substance abuse

51
Q 
Antidepressant
     SSRI
          Cymbalta
          Prozac
          Lexapro
          Luvox
         Pexeva
          Zoloft
A

Inhibits serotonin reuptake

Must avoid ETHO

Monitor for serotonin syndrome (agitation, confusion, hallucination) in first 72hr

Weight gain, Sexual dysfunction, drowsiness, fatigue

52
Q 
Antidepressant
     Tricyclic
          Elavil
          Anafranil
          Sinequan
           Tofranil
A

Don’t administer with MAOI
Don’t administer w/ St. Johns wart
Avoid ETHO
Not for client w/ seizure disorder

Anticholinergic
Sedation
Toxicity
Decreased seizure threshold

53
Q 
Antidepressant
     MAOI
          Marplan
          Pranate
          Nardil
A

Avoid foods w/ Tyramine
contraindicated with SSRI’s Tricyclics, HF, CVA, renal insufficiency

CNS stimulant
Orthostatic hypotension
Hypertensive Crisis

54
Q

Bipolar Medications

Lithium

A

MOnitor Na+ levels
NSAID’s and asprin increase Lithium levels

therapeutic 0.4-1.0 mEq/L

55
Q

Antiphychotic Medications
Conventional
Thorazine
Halodol

 Atypical
      Abilify
      Zyprexa
      Geodon
A

Bock dopamine, acetylcholine, histamine and epinephrine in the brain

Schizophrenia, manic bipolar, tourett’s, Dementia

Contraindicated with severe depression, PD, severe hypotention

S/E
Extrapyramidal effect, Tardive dyskinesia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Seizures

56
Q

Bipolar Medications

Lithium

A

MOnitor Na+ levels
NSAID’s and asprin increase Lithium levels

therapeutic 0.4-1.0 mEq/L

57
Q

Antiphychotic Medications

A

Bock dopamine, acetylcholine, histamine and epinephrine in the brain

Schizophrenia, manic bipolar, tourett’s, Dementia

Contraindicated with severe depression, PD, severe hypotention

S/E
Extrapyramidal effect, Tardive dyskinesia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Seizures

58
Q

Vasopressin

desmopressin DDAV

A

Vasoconstrictor (ADH)
Diabetes Insipidus
Cardiac Arrest

Monitor for hyponatremia
I&O
urine specific gravity
BP

Instruct on use of DDAV, for bedwetting

59
Q

Methimazol (Tapazol)

action
use
s/e
teaching

A

inhibits synthesis of Thyroid Hormone

Use: Thyroid Storm, hyperthyroidism

S/E: Agranulocytosis -
Thrombocytopenia (platelets)

Administer with food
No Iodine in diet
increase fluids to 3L day

60
Q

Antihistamines

A

monitor for
urinary retention

Caution use if:
glaucoma, PUD, urinary retention,

anticholinergic effect
dry mouth, drowsiness
hypokalemia

61
Q

Bronchodilators

use
s/e
toxicity s/s

A

Use: Asthma

s/e: tachycardia
   nervousness
  monitor for signs of toxicity
  therapeutic levels 10-20
  no ETOH = toxicity

Toxicity: seizures
give diazepam

62
Q

Beta Blockers will _______ the effect of bronchodilators

A

decrease

63
Q

MAOI’s will _______ the effect of bronchodilators

A

increase

64
Q

Antilipidemic

A

Contraindicated with liver disease

Multiple drug interactions

Take in evening (production increased)
no grapefruit juice

Monitor liver and renal fx
Low fat - high fiber diet

65
Q

Amnioderone is incompatible with ________

A

heparin

66
Q

Amnioderone

S/E

A

Bradycardia

cardiogenic shock

67
Q

Adenosine Use

A

SVT’s
push fast follow with N/S push fast
ensure safety for client, reassure them and keep them focused on you tell them what is about to happen

68
Q

Beta Blockers

A

S/E Bradycardia
Nasal stuffiness
Bronchospasm

Do not give is Systolic is <50

monitor for hypoglycemia

Nursing (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions