Medulla oblongata (Bulbus)

Question 1

nucleii

Answer 1

Grey matter

Question 2

Reticular nuclei location

Answer 2

Midbrain and medulla and pons

Linked with awareness

Question 3

Medulla oblongata contains autonomic centers, their purpose is

Answer 3

regulate respiration, circulation and gastrointestinal motility

Question 4

Medulla oblongata Extends from to

Answer 4

pyramidal decussation to the inferior pontine sulcus

Question 5

Medulla oblongata gives rise to cranial nerves

Answer 5

CN IX to CN XII

Question 6

The nuclei of ……..CNs extend caudally into the medulla

Answer 6

CN V and CN VIII

Question 7

Medulla oblongata Connected to the cerebellum by

Answer 7

the inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 8

Medulla oblongata Connects the ….. superiorly with ……. inferiorly

Answer 8

Pons

Spinal cord

Question 9

Medulla oblongata extends from ……. to ……..

Answer 9

inferior pontine sulcus (lower pontine margin)

transverse plane above C1

Question 10

Pontine

Answer 10

Related to pons

Question 11

Most inferior point of medulla

Answer 11

Internal structure similar to spinal cord, changes rostrally

Question 12

Dimensions of medulla oblongata

Answer 12

3 cm in length, 2 cm at its widest, sagittally 1.3 cm thick

Question 13

Caudally; dorsal ( back side) surface of medulla oblongata

occupies the

Answer 13

mid-line notch between cerebellar hemispheres

Question 14

Rostral upper part of medulla forms

Answer 14

lower half of floor of 4th ventricle (rhomboid fossa)

Question 15

Central canal in medulla oblongata

Answer 15

prolonged into its lower half, expanding above as 4th ventricle

Question 16

Anterior median fissure Continuous below with

Answer 16

spinal anterior median fissure

Question 17

Anterior median fissure ends above with tev

Answer 17

(lower pontine border=inferior pontine sulcus) in small, triangular foramen caecum

Question 18

Anterior median fissure is interrupted by

Answer 18

obliquely crossing fascicles of pyramidal decussation

Question 19

Posterior median sulcus is present only in

Answer 19

closed part

Question 20

Posterior median sulcus is Continuous below with

Answer 20

spinal posterior median sulcus

Question 21

Posterior median sulcus ends at

Answer 21

mid-level of medulla, where central canal expands into 4th ventricle

Question 22

What lies between anterolateral sulcus

Answer 22

anterior median fissure

Question 23

Obex:

Answer 23

Walls of 4th ventricle unite in the most inf part of rhomboid fossa

Question 24

Pyramid

Answer 24

elongated ridge

Question 25

Pyramid contains..... fibers

Answer 25

ipsilateral corticospinal

Question 26

pyramidal decussation

Answer 26

When 70-90% of corticospinal fibers cross in and deep to anterior median fissure

Question 27

Hypoglossal n. Emerges from, and it’s nerve number

Answer 27

Anterolateral sulcus | 12

Question 28

• Accessory, vagus, glossopharyngeal emerge through and their numbers

Answer 28

posterolateral sulcus | 11, 10, 9

Question 29

Olive definition and location

Answer 29

Oval prominence in the upper part Between anterolateral –posterolateral sulci

Question 30

Caudal part of Posterior region : Upward continuation of

Answer 30

fasciculi gracilis and cuneatus

Question 31

gracile and cuneate tubercles (nuclei gracilis and cuneatus) are found in

Answer 31

Posterior region

Question 32

Posterior intermediate sulcus is in posterior region of medulla oblongata and it divides the

Answer 32

gracile and cuneate tubercles

Question 33

At the Caudal end of 4th ventricle; there are elongated swellings caused by

Answer 33

gracile and cuneate tubercles (nuclei gracilis and cuneatus)

Question 34

Rhomboid fossa features (locate)

Answer 34

Median sulcus • Median eminence • Sulcus limitans • Vestibular area • Striae medullares of 4th ventricle • Hypoglossal trigone (hypoglossal motor nucleus) • Trigone of vagus (dorsal vagal nucleus)

Question 35

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

Answer 35

2 peduncles diverge and incline toentercerebellar hemispheres

Question 36

Inferior cerebellar peduncle purpose

Answer 36

Connects the cerebellum to the caudal medulla oblongata

Question 37

3 points that Connects the cerebellum to the caudal medulla oblongata

Answer 37

Inferior cerebellar peduncle Middle cerebral peduncle Superior cerebral peduncle

Question 38

Tracts of Inferior cerebellar peduncle

Answer 38

```  Posterior spinocerebellar tract  Anterior spinocerebellar tract  Cuneocerebellar tract  Olivocerebellar tract  Vestibulocerebellar tract ```

Question 39

Cranial n. nuclei

Answer 39

* Spinal tract and spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve * Nucleus of solitary tract (7,9,10) * Nucleus ambiguus (9,10,11) * Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve * Inferior salivatory nucleus * Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve * Medial vestibular nucleus * Inferior vestibular nucleus

Question 40

Spinal tract and spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve contains

Answer 40

first-order neuron GSA fibers that mediate pain, temperature, and light touch sensations from the face and neck

Question 41

Spinal tract and spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve ascends up to .... and descends up to........

Answer 41

pons superiorly 1st and 2nd segments of spinal column

Question 42

trigeminal nerve number

Answer 42

5

Question 43

Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve is located and the nucleus is located

Answer 43

posterolateraly in medulla oblongata medial to the tract

Question 44

Tracts are ... while nuclii is

Answer 44

White matter | Grey matter

Question 45

solitary tract numbers

Answer 45

7,9,10

Question 46

Nucleus of solitary tract | What type of fibers and what it conveys 7,9,10:

Answer 46

Aff fibers | Conveys gustatory information from lingual, palatal mucosa SVA

Question 47

Nucleus of solitary tract | What type of fibers and what it conveys: 9,10

Answer 47

aff fibres Conveys sensory information from larynx, pharynx, trachea, esophagus, thorax and abdominal viscera (GVA)

Question 48

In the Nucleus of solitary tract The inferior endes of the two solitary nuclei fuse with each other and forms

Answer 48

commissural nucleus

Question 49

Nucleus ambiguus Represents

Answer 49

special visceral efferent (SVE) cell column whose axons innervate pharyngeal arch muscles of the larynx and pharynx

Question 50

The SVE fibers in Nucleus ambiguus contribute to

Answer 50

parts of CN 9 and CN 10

Question 51

Inferior salivatory nucleus type of fibers and function and number

Answer 51

Efferent fibers • Innervates parotid gland after a synapse at otic ganglion 9

Question 52

Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve number

Answer 52

10

Question 53

Superior vestibular nuc. Lateral vestibular nuc location Inferior vestibular nuc. Medial vestibular nuc. Location

Answer 53

Pons | Bulbus

Question 54

Superior vestibular nuc. Lateral vestibular nuc | Inferior vestibular nuc. Medial vestibular nuc. Are the parts of

Answer 54

Vestibular nucleii

Question 55

Olive [inferior olivary nucleus] Associated with

Answer 55

voluntary movement

Question 56

The cells of the inferior olivary nucleus send fibers medially across the midline to enter ..... through

Answer 56

the cerebellum through the inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 57

What type of fibers and where do they reach this nucleus from

Answer 57

Afferent fibers reach the nucleus from the spinal cord and from the cerebellum and cerebral cortex

Question 58

Reticular nuclei parts

Answer 58

* Lateral reticular nuclei * Ventral reticular nuclei * Gigantocellular nucleus * Parvocellular nucleus * Paramedian reticular nuclei * Raphe nuclei

Question 59

Parts of raphe nuclie

Answer 59

– Obscurus – Pallidus | – Magnus

Question 60

Reticular Formation (definition)

Answer 60

A mixture of nerve fibers and nuclei placed deeply posterior to olivary nucleus

Question 61

RF is found in .... but also..

Answer 61

olivary nucleus pons and midbrain

Question 62

RF is a diffuse system related with

Answer 62

the awakenes of human body. be aware of external stimuli

Question 63

Medial lemniscus are fibera thar form

Answer 63

flattened tract on each side of the midline posterior to the pyramid

Question 64

Medial lemniscus emerge from the decussation of and convey sensory information to

Answer 64

the lemnisci the thalamus

Question 65

(MLF)

Answer 65

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

Question 66

MLF is situated beneath

Answer 66

the floor of the fourth ventricle on either side of the midline

Question 67

MLF is the main pathway that connects

Answer 67

the vestibular and cochlear nuclei with the nuclei controlling the extraocular muscles

Question 68

extraocular muscles

Answer 68

(oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nuclei)

Question 69

Arteries of medulla oblongata

Answer 69

Vertebral artery Anterior spinal artery PICA (Posterior inferior cerebellar artery)

Question 70

The lateral part of medulla oblongata is supplied by

Answer 70

PICA (Posterior inferior cerebellar artery)

Question 71

Pica is a branch of

Answer 71

vertebral artery

Question 72

The medial part of medulla oblongata is supplied by

Answer 72

vertebralartery

Question 73

Pons length, and it connects what

Answer 73

2.5 cm long ``` medulla of oblongata methencephalon to the midbrain ```