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Hema 2 > Megakaryopoiesis > Flashcards

Megakaryopoiesis Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

defined as a method for controlling infection in which all blood and certain body fluids are treated as if infected with hepatitis B, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or other disease-producing blood borne pathogens

A

universal precautions

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2
Q

Its exposure to blood and other body fluids must be prevented

A

skin and mucous membranes

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3
Q

Worn when there is any possibility of coming in contact with blood or other body fluids

A

gloves; gowns

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4
Q

Gloves must be disposed in ________.

A

biohazardous waste

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5
Q

Must be worn if there is a possibility of droplets or spattering of the blood or body fluid.

A

masks and protective eyewear (goggles) or face shields

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6
Q

Alternative to goggles or face shields

A

pexiglas shields

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7
Q

sharps

A

red

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8
Q

infectious waste

A

yellow

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9
Q

biodegradable

A

green, black

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10
Q

non-biodegradable

A

orange

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11
Q

radioactive

A

orange

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12
Q

Any skin surfaces that become contaminated with blood or body fluids should be ________.

A

washed immediately

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13
Q

All specimens for centrifugation must be centrifuged in a _______.

A

closed tube

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14
Q

All pipetting must be carried out using ________.

A

mechanical pipet devices

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15
Q

The appropriate germicide

A

10% Clorox (Sodium Hypochlorite)

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16
Q

Decontamination of work benches should be done …

A

when work is completed, at least once per shift

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17
Q

Important in helping diagnose bleeding disorders

A

platelet counts

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18
Q

2 main functions of platelets and megakaryopoiesis

A
  1. hemostasis
  2. maintaining capillary integrity
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19
Q

Normal range of platelets

A

150,000-450,000/ mm^3 or 150 450 x10^3/mm^3

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20
Q

largest hemotopietic stem cell in the bone marrow

A

megakaryocyte

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21
Q

a process whereby the nuclear material reduplicates but the nucleus does not divide

A

endomitosis

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22
Q

where platelets arise

A

megakaryocytes

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23
Q

Carrier of CD34

A

Burst forming unit (BFU-Meg)
Colony forming unit (CFU-Meg)
Light density cfu (LD-CFU-Meg)

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24
Q

Megakaryocitic stages perform the process of Endomitosis (Cell division without telophase)

A

Terminal differentiation

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25
Carrier of CD42
1. MK-I or Megakaryoblast 2. MK-II or Promegakaryocyte 3. MK-III or Megakaryocyte
26
Megakaryocyte if further classified into
granular and mature
27
Differentiation to progenitors
TPO + IL-3 +
28
Differentation to megakaryocytes
TPO + IL-3 + IL-11 +
29
Late maturation
TPO + IL-6 + IL-11 +
30
Thrombocytopoiesis
IL-6 + IL-11 +
31
Diameter of megakaryoblast
20-50
32
Cytoplasm: non granular, blue, darker than myeoblast, with small, blunt pseudopods
Megakaryoblast
33
Nucleus: Round, oval, multiple Nucleoli
Megakaryoblast
34
N/C ratio of megakaryoblast
10:1
35
Diameter of promegakaryocyte
20-60 um
36
Cytoplasm: More abundant, less basophilic, granules begin to form
promegakaryocyte
37
Nucleus: Multiple nucleoli are visible, regular in shape, may show lobulation
Promegakaryocyte
38
N/C ratio of promegakaryocyte
4:1 to 7:1
39
Diameter of granular megakaryocyte
30-90 um
40
Cytoplasm: Abundant, Pinkish-Blue in color. Very fine and diffusely granular
granular megakaryocyte
41
Nucleus: Multiple nuclei or may show multi-lobulation, Chromatin is coarser. No nucleoli are visible
Granular megakaryocyte
42
N/C ratio of Granular megakaryocyte
2:1 to 1:1
43
Diameter of mature megakaryocyte
40-120 um
44
largest cell in the bone marrow
mature megakaryocyte
45
Cytoplasm: Contains Coarse clumps of granules aggregating into little bundles, which bud off from the periphery to become platelets
mature megakaryocyte
46
Nucleus: multilobulated. no nucleoli visible
mature megakaryocyte
47
N/C ratio of mature megakaryocyte
<1:1
48
cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocyte that is 2-4 um ni diameter
platelets (thrombocytes)
49
Cytoplasm: very granular, Light blue to purple
thrombocytes
50
how many days do platelets survive
7-10 days
51
2/3 of platelet population (in blood vessels)
circulating pool
52
1/3 platelet population (in spleen)
splenic platelet pool
53
Anatomical parts (PSOM)
peripheral, sol-gel (structural), organelle, membranous
54
Normal function of platelets
>100,000 uL
55
Hemorrhage in platelets
<10,000 uL
56
Factors involved for secondary hemostasis
V and II
57
Proteins for the proper maintenance of hemostasis
GP Ib and IIb/IIIa
58
Composed of the membranes responsible for platelet adhesion and aggregations (glycoproteins)
Peripheral zone
59
Attachment of platelet to blood vessel surface
adhesion
60
attachment of platelets to each other
aggregation
61
outer portion of peripheral zone
glycocalyx
62
receptor for vWf. responsible for platelet adhesion
GP Ib
63
Receptor for fibrinogen. responsible for platelet aggregation
GP IIb/IIIa
64
lipid bilayer (phospholipid component: PF3)
plasma membrane
65
Composed of the microfilaments and microtubules
Sol Gel Zone
66
Composed of actin and myosin which are proteins responsible for creating the contractile protein actomyosin (thrombasthenin)
microfilaments
67
important for clot retraction
thrombasthenin
68
composed of protein tubulin that maintains the shape of platelets
microtubules
69
composed of the mitochondira, alpha granules, dense bodies (delta granules)
organelle zone
70
alpha granules per cell
50-80
71
granules that contain Platelet factor 4, B thromboglobulin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, Platelet derived growth factor, von willebrand factor, and Factor V
alpha granules
72
granules that contain adp, atp, serotonin, Ca2+ and Mg2+
delta granules
73
How many delta granules per cell?
2-7
74
Endoplasmic reticulum that sequesters calcium for platelet activation
dense tubular system
75
Invaginations of the plasma membrane for release of granule content during platelet activation
open canalicular system (surface connecting system)
76
Inhibits heparin; chemotactic; promotes smooth muscle growth for vessel repair
B-thromboglobulin
77
Inhibits heparin
Platelet factor 4
78
Promotes smooth muscle growth; involved in atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism
platelet-derived growth factor
79
promotes platelet-to-platelet interaction; mediates cel-to-cell interaction
thrombospondin
80
once activated complexes with Xa to convert prothrombin to thrombin
Factor V
81
fibrin formation
fibrinogen
82
promotes platelet adhesion
vWF
83
Cofactor in fibrin formation
Factor V and VIII
84
Cellular adhesion molecule; promotes platelet spreading
fibronectin
85
activation of the intrinsic pathway via contact
high-molecular-weight kininogen
86
precursor to plasminl functions in fibrinolysis
plasminogen
87
promotes platelet aggregation
adp
88
primary and secondary messenger regulates platelet activation/aggregation
calcium
89
promotes vasoconstriction
serotonin
90

Hema 2 (4 decks)

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