Meiosis Flashcards
What is meiosis a process of?
it’s a process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in new cells to half the number of the original
What type of cells undergo this?
sex/germ cells
What are the names of the stages?
Meiosis 1 (PMAT 1) Meiosis 2 (PMAT 2)
How many daughter cells are made? What kind of cells of they?
four haploid/gametes
How does prophase 1 differ from prophase of mitosis?
the chromosomes line up next to their homologous chromosome
What is synapsis?
the pairing of chromosomes in their homologous pairs
What is each pair of homologous chromosome called?
a tetrad
What is crossing over?
the exchange of genetic material between the homologous chromosomes?
When does crossing over occur?
during prophase 1 when the homologous chromosomes line up
How are MAT 1 different from MAT of mitosis?
they are almost the same with a few exceptions: when the spindle fibers contract, they pull a complete chromosome into each cell, so the sister chromatids do not separate & the number of chromosomes has been reduced to 23
What happens in Meiosis 2?
PMAT 2 proceeds the same, and the sister chromatids are pulled apart, producing four genetically unique haploid cells.
What is spermatogenesis?
the process by which sperm cells are produced
What is oogenesis?
the process that produces mature egg cells
How does sexual production from offspring?
through the union of a sperm and egg
How does the DNA of offspring compare to the parents?
DNA of the offspring is genetically different
