Cellular Respiration pt 2 Flashcards
What is fermentation
the combination of glycolysis and additional biochemical pathways to convert pyretic acid into other compounds
Since fermentation doesn’t produce ATP, what does it regenerate?
NAD+, which allows for the continued production of ATP through glycolysis
What are the two types of fermentation
lactic acid fermentation & alcoholic fermentation
Why does lactic acid fermentation occur in muscle cells during strenuous exercise
the muscle cells are using oxygen faster than it can be delivered to them
How is lactic acid made
an enzyme converts pyruvic acid into the three carbon compound of lactic acid
what does the buildup of lactic acid cause
muscles to burn
what else is produced in lactic acid fermentation
NAD+
how is the lactic acid converted back into pyruvic acid
its carried to the liver
what happens to the muscle cells while lactic acid being converted
they have to continue to work without oxygen because of the small amount of ATP generated by glycolysis
what is pyretic acid converted into in alcoholic fermentation
ethyl alcohol and CO2, NAD+ is also produced
who uses alcoholic fermentation
some plants and unicellular organisms like yeast
what depends on alcoholic fermentation
formation of alcohol in wines and beers & the carbonation beer and sparkling wines, and bread rising
What is the efficiency of glycolysis
2 percent of the energy available from the breaking down of glucose is captured as ATP
where is most of the original energy contained in
pyruvic acid
how efficient is aerobic respiration (including glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain)
20 times more efficient than glycolysis alone
