Meiosis and Mitosis

Question 1

What happens in mitosis?

Answer 1

Produces genetically identical daughter cells.
Produces two cells
Involves one division
Produces diploid cells in humans
Keeps the same chromosome number

Question 2

What happens in meiosis?

Answer 2

Produces genetically non-identical daughter cells.
Produces four cells
Involves two cell divisions
Produces haploid cells in humans
Halves the number of chromosomes

Question 3

What are the roles of mitosis?

Answer 3

Generates all adult cells except gametes
occurs throughout the human body
occurs throughout a plant
used for asexual reproduction

Question 4

What are the roles of meiosis?

Answer 4

only used to produce gametes
only occurs in ovary and testes
only occurs in ovary and anther
used for sexual reproduction

Question 5

Describe the process of cell division in mitosis.

Answer 5

1. the cell grows
2. the DNA replicates to form two copies of each chromosome. These chromatids are joined together at a single point.
3. The nuclear membrane breaks down. The chromosomes line up across the centre of the cell, attached to special spindle fibres.
4. The chromatids are pulled apart and move to opposite ends of the cell.
5. The cytoplasm and cell membrane divides to form two identical cells

Question 6

What is mitosis?

Answer 6

A type of cell division in which a diploid cell body copies itself and finally divides into two identical diploid daughter cells.

Question 7

What is meiosis?

Answer 7

The type of cell division which produces four genetically different haploid cells.

Question 8

Describe the process of meiosis.

Answer 8

1. The parent cell grows.
   2.The DNA replicates (is copied) to form two copies of each chromosome. These copies
   (chromatids) are joined together at a single point (the centromere).
2. The nuclear membrane breaks down. The homologous pairs of chromosomes join together.
   The homologous pairs of chromosomes exchange sections of DNA. They then attach to the
   spindle fibres in pairs, at the centre of the cell.
   4.The homologous pairs of chromosomes are pulled apart and move to opposite ends of the
   cell. The cell divides.
   5.The chromosomes line up along the centre of the cell, attached to the spindle fibres. The
   chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell. Each cell divides again.