Mem and Emo (9) Flashcards
(23 cards)
What does motivation explain about behavior between individuals?
explains variability in behavior, why people do different things at different times in the face of constant stimuli
What does motivation explain about specific outcomes?
Why certain behaviors occur, why individuals seek out specific things at specific times
What is incentive?
desire for reinforcement
What is a drive?
innate, biologically determined urge to attain a goal or satisfy a need
What is drive theory?
Motivated to behave in a way that achieves a constant homeostasis
What is homeostasis?
the maintenance of an ideal, stable physiological environment
What leads to a drive state?
Deviations
What do deviations result in?
a need state or physiological deprivation state
Why is homeostasis important for mammals?
as bodies cannot cope with large sudden changes in environment for prolonged periods
3 stages of homeostatic theory?
- body detects a deviation (error detector) from a physiological set point (ideal)
- negative feedback system
used to restore set point - When the set point is restored the body sends out a signal to stop acting
What is the weakness of the idea of a set point?
No actual set point, just stability a result of balance between many factors
What is a more appropriate term for set points?
Settling points
What is a difference between a set point and a settling point?
settling point can change over time
What is an anticipatory motivational drive?
drive that occurs in anticipation of a deprivation state
What are motivational drive states?
unpleasant emotional states
What happens when a motivational drive state is reduced?
may be rewarding, reward drives behavior
What is hedonic reward?
rewards can be purely sensory, pure pleasure, not related to motivational drive
What is incentive motivation?
neutral CS and rewarding US, CS acquires motivational incentive properties associated with US
What changes incentive value?
depends upon current drive state, incentive value is learned
What is consummatory behavior?
stereotyped/reflexive behavior
What is preparatory behavior?
flexible/goal-directed
What part of the brain is responsible for consummatory behavior?
hypothalamus
What part of the brain is responsible for preparatory behavior?
amygdala
