memory 2

Question 1

what does the serial position curve show?

Answer 1

the relationship between the position of a word in a list, and the correct proportion recalled

Question 2

what is primacy interpreted as?

Answer 2

rehersal

Question 3

what is recency intepreted as?

Answer 3

short term store

Question 4

who proposed the multi store model of memory?

Answer 4

Atkinson and Shiffrin

Question 5

why is rehersal not necessary?

Answer 5

serial position curve is not at 0, even for unrehersed items

Question 6

why is rehersal not sufficent?

Answer 6

doesn’t always work- depends on maintenance and elaborative rehersal

Question 7

what is the problem with a unitary STS?

Answer 7

deficits to LTM aren’t as devestating as we would expect
Baddeley and Hitch stimulate STM deficits using tasks which should fill STM- when performing a secondary task, these were impaired but not devestated

Question 8

who proposed the working memory model?

Answer 8

Baddeley and Hitch

Question 9

is the STM better for verbal or visuosptial materials?

Answer 9

better for visuospatial
(but if both visuospatial interfere with each other)

Question 10

what does the central executive do?

Answer 10

monitors incoming data
co ordinates the subsystems
limited capacity
doesn’t store information

Question 11

what does the phonological loop do?

Answer 11

processes information in terms of sound
coded acoustically

Question 12

what is the phonological loop divided into?

Answer 12

phonological store
articulatory process

Question 13

what is the phonological store?

Answer 13

stores the words you hear

Question 14

what is the articulatory process?

Answer 14

where maintenance rehersal occurs

Question 15

what is the visuospatial sketchpad?

Answer 15

processes visual and spatial information

Question 16

what is the visuospatial sketchpad divided into?

Answer 16

visual cache
inner scribe

Question 17

what does the visual cache do?

Answer 17

stores visual data

Question 18

what does the inner scribe do?

Answer 18

records how objects are arranged in a visual field

Question 19

what is the episodic buffer?

Answer 19

temporary information store
integrates visual/spatial/verbal information
maintains a sense of time sequencing

Question 20

which 3 pieces of information provide evidence for a phonological loop?

Answer 20

phonological similarity effect
irrelevant speech effect
word length effect

Question 21

what is the phonological similarity effect?

Answer 21

poor recall of word lists where items sound similar even when items are presented visually
suggests items are encoded according to how they sound

Question 22

what is the irrelevant speech effect?

Answer 22

recall is impaired by simultaneous speech
suggests involuntary phonological encoding?

Question 23

what is the word length effect?

Answer 23

poorer performance for longer than shorter words
spans are longer for faster speakers
suggests subvocal rehersal is like vocal rehersal

Question 24

which part of the working memory model is not yet fully understood?

Answer 24

central executive

Question 25

where does chunking occur?

Answer 25

in the episodic buffer

Question 26

what does the Hedonic Detector deal with?

Answer 26

emotional information

Question 27

what are three alternatives to the working memory model?

Answer 27

embedded processes model
simple model
individual differences approach

Question 28

what is the embedded processes model?

Answer 28

do not need to distinguish between STM and LTM, STM is just the currently activated version of the LTM

Question 29

what is the SIMPLE model?

Answer 29

mathematical model based on temporal discriminability, applies to both STM and LTM

Question 30

what is the individual differences approach?

Answer 30

focus on individual differences in working memory capacity
can be separated into primary and secondary memory