Memory Flashcards
(38 cards)
Flashbulb memory
Clear memory of emotional significant moment
Studying memory
Recall: retrieve information learn earlier
Recognition: identify items previously learned
Relearning: assesses amount of time saved when learning material again
Information processing
Current efforts to understand human memory are conducted within a framework
3 processes of memory
Encoding: transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory
Storage: keeping information in memory
Retrieval: information that has been stored in memory
Sensory memory
Holds information for only a fraction of a second to about two seconds
Iconic memory: visual
Echoic memory: audio
Short term memory
Holds about seven plus or minus two pieces of information
Duration: 20 seconds but no more than 30
Long term memory
Memory storage that keeps permanent record of information
Memory
Ability to remember past events, images, ideas or previous learned information
Short term memory
Decay: loss of memory due to disuse
Interference: confused one information with another
Chunking: grouping bits of information into large units
Maintenance rehearsal
Repeating information over & over again until no longer needed
Elaborate rehearsal
Involves relating new information to something that is already known
Working memory
System that temporarily hold & manipulate information while performing cognitive tasks
3 basic components in working memory
1) phonological loop: stores audio imput
2) visuospatial sketchpad: holds visual & spacial images temporary
3) central executive: filters important information to long term memory and access them when necessary
Central executive
Encode information receive from sensory memory
Cognitive neuroscience & stm
HM lived with out the ability to form new memories
Hippocampus
Formation of long term memory
Semantic memory
Studies general knowledge or objective facts and information
Implicit memory
Subsystem within LTM that stores motor skills, habits, and classically condition responses
Spacing effect
Practice to yield better ltm
Types of long term memory
Explicit
Implict
Explicit
Conscious
Cognition
Describe thinking and many other aspects of our higher mental processes
Cognitive processes
Sensation-detection of stimuli
Perception-interpretation of stimuli through experiences, knowledge, culture, hypothesis & biases
Concept formation-mental grouping of things that share common properties
Problem solving-thoughts and action required to achieve a desire goal that is not readily available
Prototype
Schemas or templates that’s contain essential features of the concept
