Memory

Question 1

retrieval

Answer 1

Psychologists distinguish among three necessary stages in the learning and memory process: encoding, storage, and retrieval (Melton, 1963). Encoding is defined as initial learning of information; storage refers to maintaining information over time; retrieval is the ability to access information when you need it.

Question 2

rehearsal

Answer 2

Memory rehearsal is a term for the role of repetition in the retention of memories. It involves repeating information over and over in order to get the information processed and stored as a memory.

Question 3

implicit memory

Answer 3

Implicit memory is a type of memory in which previous experiences aid the performance of a task without conscious awareness of these previous experiences.

Question 4

encoding failure

Answer 4

Encoding Failure refers to the brain’s occasional failure to create a memory link. Encoding refers to the brain’s ability to store and recall events and information, either short or long-term. This faculty can fail for a number of reasons; trauma or substance use being the most common. When this happens, it can prevent the brain from creating and storing memories. Many of us can identify times in our lives where, due to an accident, traumatic event or substance use, we are unable to remember specific events or actions

Question 5

mnemonics

Answer 5

Mnemonics are devices to help us remember (aide memoire or memory aide). They come in many varieties and flavours, and can aid memorisation of many types of information. This section concentrates on mnemonics related to words and numbers.

Question 6

short-term memory

Answer 6

Mnemonics are devices to help us remember (aide memoire or memory aide). They come in many varieties and flavours, and can aid memorisation of many types of information. This section concentrates on mnemonics related to words and numbers.

Question 7

visual encoding

Answer 7

The visual encoding is the way in which data is mapped into visual structures, upon which we build the images on a screen. There are two types of visual encoding variables: planar and retinal. Humans are sensitive to the retinal variables.

Question 8

chucking

Answer 8

Most of us are able to store only about four to seven different items in our short-term memory. One way to get past this limit is to use a technique called chunking. By grouping several items into one larger whole, you’ll be able to remember much more.

Question 9

recall

Answer 9

Recall in memory refers to the mental process of retrieval of information from the past. Along with encoding and storage, it’s one of the three core processes of memory. There are three main types of recall: free recall, cued recall and serial recall

Question 10

Availability heuristic

Answer 10

The availability heuristic is a mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to a given person’s mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, method or decision.