Memory

Question 1

Persistence of learning over time via the storage and retrieval of information

Answer 1

Memory

Question 2

A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event

Answer 2

Flashbulb Memory

Question 3

Processing information into the memory system

Comparison: typing into a document

Answer 3

Encoding

Question 4

Retention of encoded material over time

Comparison: saving your document

Answer 4

Storage

Question 5

Process of getting the information out of memory storage

Comparison: finding/opening up your document

Answer 5

Retrieval

Question 6

Takes effort, conscious awareness

Answer 6

Effortful

Question 7

After doing something many times, you don’t have to think

Answer 7

Automatic

Question 8

1st step for ALL information

Short time

Answer 8

Sensory Memory

Question 9

Holds images

1/4 second (iconic)

Answer 9

Visual Register

Question 10

Sounds
Several seconds (echoic)

Answer 10

Auditory Register

Question 11

Breaking information into down into smaller more meaningful units

Answer 11

Chunking

Question 12

Best for words

Answer 12

Semantics

Question 13

Memory aids

techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices

Answer 13

Mnemonics

Question 14

Retain information better if rehearsed over time

Answer 14

Spacing Effect

Question 15

Recall is better for 1st + last items on a list, but poor for middle items

Answer 15

Serial Position Effect

Question 16

Unlikely to remember information presented prior to performing

Answer 16

Next-In-Line Effect

Question 17

More likely to remember things that we feel relate to you

Answer 17

Self-Reference Effect

Question 18

Involves conscious, active processing of incoming information
Limited duration + capacity 20-30 sec
“Magical” number 7 (+1/-2)

Answer 18

Working Memory

Short-Term Memory

Question 19

Permanent + limitless storehouse

Answer 19

Long-Term Memory

Question 20

Require conscious effort/awareness

Processed in the hippocampus

Answer 20

Explicit

Question 21

No thought/conscious awareness
Movement
Processed in the cerebellum

Answer 21

Implicit

Question 22

Facts
Dates
Names

Answer 22

Semantic

Question 23

Experiences

Answer 23

Episodic

Question 24

Learned

Automatic

Answer 24

Procedures

Question 25

Classical | Operant

Answer 25

Conditions

Question 26

Retrieve information learned earlier | Fill in the blank

Answer 26

Recall

Question 27

Identify items previously learned | Multiple choice

Answer 27

Recognition

Question 28

Activating associations | Visual, Taste, Smells, Words, Sounds

Answer 28

Primary/Retrieval Cues

Question 29

Inability to retrieve information

Answer 29

Forgetting

Question 30

We cannot remember what we do not encode

Answer 30

Encoding Failure

Question 31

Failure to retrieve information from long-term memory

Answer 31

Retrieval Failure

Question 32

New information blocks out old information

Answer 32

Retroactive Interferance

Question 33

Old information blocks out new information

Answer 33

Proactive Interference

Question 34

Defense mechanism | Banishes painful thoughts, feelings, and memories

Answer 34

Repression

Question 35

Loss of memory Causes: 1.)Organic: trauma, disease, drugs) 2.)Functional: psychological

Answer 35

Amnesia

Question 36

Facilitation of memory when mood at retrieval is identical to the mood at encoding, or the process of memory

Answer 36

Mood-Dependent Memory

Question 37

Phenomenon through which memory retrieval is most efficient when an individual is in the same state of consciousness as they were when the memory was formed.

Answer 37

State-Dependent Memory