Mendelelian Genetics

Question 1

Responsible
for the Laws
governing
Inheritance of
Traits

Answer 1

Gregor Mendel

Question 2

Year of Gregor Mendel

Answer 2

1882-1884

Question 3

Gregor Mendel made the law that governing what

Answer 3

Inheritance of traits

Question 4

What are the 3 laws of inheritance?

Answer 4

1. Law of Dominance
2. Law of Segregation
3. Law of Independent
   Assortment

Question 5

Mendel stated that

physical traits are

inherited as

Answer 5

particles

Question 6

Mendel did not know

that the “particles”

were actually

Answer 6

chromosomes and dna

Question 7

Between , Mendel
cultivated and
tested some 28,000
pea plants

Answer 7

1856 and
1863

Question 8

Mendel
cultivated and
tested some

Answer 8

28,000
pea plants

Question 9

He found that the
plants’ offspring
retained

Answer 9

traits of
the parents

Question 10

Gregor Mendel is called as the father of ?

Answer 10

Genetics

Question 11

Site of Gregor
Mendel’s
experimental
garden in the

Answer 11

Czech Republic

Question 12

State why Gregor Mendel chose the garden peas

Answer 12

1. Can be grown in a small area
2. Plants Reproduce at a fast rate
3. Thus, a number of generations can be produced within a short time
4. They are hardy plants which do not need much caring and cultivating
5. Plants produce lots of offspring
6. Produce pure plants when allowed to self-pollinate several generations
7. Can be artificially cross-pollinated
8. Garden pea has several contrasting characters

Question 13

Pollen contains sperm

Produced by the

Answer 13

stamen

Question 14

Ovary contains eggs

Found inside the

Answer 14

flower

Question 15

Pollen carries sperm to the
eggs for

Answer 15

fertilization

Question 16

can
occur in the same flower

Answer 16

Self-fertilization

Question 17

can
occur between flowers

Answer 17

Cross-fertilization

Question 18

How Mendel Began his expt.

Answer 18

Mendel produced pure strains by allowing the
plants to self-pollinate for several
generations

Question 19

why did Mendel produced pure strains by allowing the
plants to self-pollinate for several
generations

Answer 19

This way he was sure that the character (ex. round seeds) was “pure breed”. All the pea plants which he cultivated for this purpose produced only “round seeds”

Question 20

He describe such plants
which produce the same
character from generation
to generation as

Answer 20

pure-breeding or “breed
true”.

Question 21

SECOND step of the experiment:

Answer 21

he cross pollinate the pure breed of round
seeded plants with the wrinkled seeded
plants

Question 22

Mendel hand-pollinated
flowers using a

Answer 22

paintbrush

Question 23

He could snip _____ to prevent
self-pollination

Covered each flower
with a cloth bag

Answer 23

the
stamens

Question 24

any characteristic that
can be passed from parent to
offspring

Answer 24

trait

Question 25

passing of traits from parent to offspring

Answer 25

Heredity

Question 26

study of heredity

Answer 26

Genetics

Question 27

cross involving a single trait e.g. flower color

Answer 27

Monohybrid cross

Question 28

cross involving two traits e.g. flower color & plant height

Answer 28

Dihybrid cross

Question 29

Organisms with two sets of chromosomes are called

Answer 29

diploid organism

Question 30

These chromosomes contain the genes that code for the same traits

Answer 30

diploid organism

Question 31

The trait that is observed in the offspring is the

Answer 31

dominant trait

Question 32

Genes that code for alternate expressions

Answer 32

(alleles)

Question 33

The trait that disappears in the offspring is the

Answer 33

recessive trait

Question 34

A_______s a piece of DNA that directs a cell to make a certain protein.

Answer 34

gene

Question 35

Each gene has a____________, a specific position on a pair of homologous chromosomes.

Answer 35

locus,

Question 36

An_________ is any alternative form of a gene occurring at a specific locus on a chromosome. Each parent donates one allele for every gene.

Answer 36

allele

Question 37

describes two alleles that are the same at a specific locus.

Answer 37

Homozygous

Question 38

describes two alleles that are different at a specific locus.

Answer 38

Heterozygous

Question 39

gene combination for a trait

Answer 39

genotype

Question 40

the parental generation in a breeding experiment.

Answer 40

Parental P1 Generation

Question 41

the first-generation offspring in a breeding experiment. (1st filial generation)

Answer 41

Parental P1 Generation

Question 42

the second-generation offspring in a breeding experiment.

Answer 42

F2 generation

Question 43

THIRD step of the experiment:

Answer 43

he cross plants from the breeding individuals of the F1 generation It results to F2 generation = the second-generation offspring in a breeding experiment.

Question 44

explained the heredity of the offspring of the f1 generation

Answer 44

law of dominance

Question 45

explained the heredity of the f2 generation

Answer 45

law of segregation

Question 46

In a cross of parents that are pure for contrasting traits, only one form of the trait will appear in the next generation.

Answer 46

Law of Dominance

Question 47

-During the formation of gametes (eggs or sperm), members of the pair/two alleles responsible for a trait separate from each other so that only one member is included in each gamete.

Answer 47

Law of Segregation

Question 48

Refer to hereditary patterns that are not in accordance with Mendel’s principles or those that are not attributed to single autosomal genes.

Answer 48

Refer to hereditary patterns that are not in accordance with Mendel’s principles or those that are not attributed to single autosomal genes.

Question 49

F1 hybrids have an appearance somewhat in between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties.

Answer 49

Incomplete Dominance

Question 50

produces the F1 generation

Answer 50

Incomplete Dominance

Question 51

-When one allele is not completely dominant to another allele - With incomplete dominance the heterozygote’s phenotype is between that of individuals homozygous for either individual allele involved.

Answer 51

INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE (Partial dominance)

Question 52

Is a modification of a dominance relationship that is related to incomplete dominance

Answer 52

Codominance