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PSYCHOLOGY 2 > Sexually Transmitted Disease > Flashcards

Sexually Transmitted Disease Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

caused by sexually transmitted
infections.
They are spread mainly by sexual
contact.

A

Sexually Transmitted Disease

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2
Q

STIs are caused by:

A

bacteria, viruses or
parasites.

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3
Q

A sexually transmitted infection may
pass from:

A

person to person in blood,
semen, or vaginal and other bodily
fluids.

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4
Q

There were more than __________
deaths each year (WHO, 2024)

A

2.5 million

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5
Q

New_________cases (15-49 yrs old)
- increased by over 1 million to
0.71 million.

A

Syphilis

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6
Q

Infections that accounts for over 1
million daily:

A

Syphilis
gonorrhea
chlamydia
Trichomoniasis

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7
Q

Data shows that STIs are
____________ in many regions.

A

increasing

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8
Q

Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI). It is caused by bacteria called

A

Chlamydia trachomatis.

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9
Q

Causes and Transmission of Chlamydia

A

can spread through anal, vaginal, and oral
sex
can spread to a baby during childbirth.

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10
Q

Symptoms of Chlamydia and how many days before it occurs?

A

Usually asymptomatic
change in vaginal
discharge
burning pain (urination)
Rectal pain
Rectal bleeding
rectal discharge

usually appear around 7-21 days

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11
Q

Diagnosis for Chlamydia

A

Examination includes urine
sample, swab sample from the
penis, cervix, urethra, throat, or
rectum.

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12
Q

Chlamydia screening

A

sexually active females under
25 years of age and those 25
years or older if at high risk
males who are in a high-risk
group
males who have sex with males
people with HIV who are
sexually active

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13
Q

Treatment for Chlamydia

A
  1. Seek immediate help
  2. Take antibiotics
  3. Retesting at least every 3 months after treatment
  4. Refrain from sex for 7 days
  5. Inform partner within 60 dayas from your sexual contact
  6. May recommend gonorrhea as two infections can occur
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14
Q

Antibiotics for treatment in Chlamydia includes:

A

Azithromycin
Doxycycline
Amoxicillin

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15
Q

Prevention for Chlamydia

A
  1. using condoms, or other barrier
    methods, consistently and
    correctly
  2. limiting the number of sexual
    partners
  3. having a sexual relationship in
    which both partners are
    monogamous
  4. regular screening
  5. avoiding sex until treatment of
    all partners is complete
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16
Q

Types of lice

A

Pediculus humanus capitis:
head lice

Pediculus humanus corporis:
body lice
Phthirus pubis: pubic lice

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17
Q

The _____________usually is found in the person’s pubic hair.

A

crab louse

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18
Q

Causes and Transmission of Crab Louse

A

can spread during close physical contact
Shared via towels or bed linen
Does not spread via toilet seat

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19
Q

Symptoms of Crab Louse

A

Intense itching in the pubic area.
Visible lice or eggs (nits) attached to hair.
Blue or gray spots on the skin from bites.

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20
Q

Treatment for Crab Louse

A

Use over-the-counter lice treatments
(permethrin or pyrethrin-based).
Wash all clothes, bedding, and towels in
hot water and dry on high heat.

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21
Q

Prevention for Crab Louse

A

Avoid sharing personal items like towels or
clothing.
Regular hygiene checks and prompt treatment if
lice are suspected.

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22
Q

Gonorrhea is caused by the bacterium

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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23
Q

Causes and Transmission of Gonorrhea

A

Transmitted through unprotected vaginal,
anal, or oral sex.
Can be passed from mother to baby during
childbirth.

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24
Q

Symptoms of Gonorrhea

A

Men: Painful urination, discharge from the penis,
testicular pain. Women: Painful urination, increased vaginal
discharge, pelvic pain.
Many individuals are asymptomatic but still
infectious.

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25
Treatment of gonorrhea
Antibiotics (current standard: a single injection of ceftriaxone). Prompt treatment prevents complications like infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease.
26
Prevention of gonorrhea
Use condoms during sexual activity. Regular STI testing for sexually active individuals. Limit number of sexual partners and maintain open communication about STI status.
27
a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically CD4 cells (T cells).- retrovirus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
28
HIV is Transmitted through:
Unprotected sex with an infected partner. Sharing needles or syringes. Mother-to-child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Blood transfusions (rare in countries with proper screening).
29
Symptoms of HIV
Acute Phase: Chronic Phase: Progression to AIDS
30
What is an Acute Phase of HIV?
Flu-like symptoms (fever, rash, sore throat) within 2-4 weeks of exposure.
31
What is the Chronic Phase in HIV?
Asymptomatic period where the virus multiplies slowly.
32
What happens when HIV progressed to AIDS?
Severe weight loss, infections, and cancers due to weakened immunity.
33
Treatment for HIV
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses the virus, prevents progression to AIDS, and reduces transmission
34
Prevention for HIV
Use condoms and practice safe sex. Take Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) if at high risk. Regular testing for early detection. Avoid sharing needles and ensure safe medical practices.
35
Caused by a group of viruses with over 100 strains.
Human Papilloma Virus
36
Causes and Transmission of HPV
Transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, primarily during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Some strains cause genital warts; others can lead to cancers (e.g., cervical, throat, or anal).
37
Symptoms of HPV
Low-risk strains High-risk strains
38
Low Risk strains in HPV includes:
Genital warts (small bumps on genital or anal areas).
39
High risk strains in HPV includes:
Often asymptomatic but can lead to precancerous lesions or cancer over time.
40
Treatment and Prevention for HPV
No cure for the virus itself, but treatments are available for warts and precancerous changes. Regular screenings (e.g., Pap smears) to detect and treat abnormalities early.
41
Prevention for HPV
1. Get vaccinated (e.g., Gardasil) before sexual activity begins. 2. Use condoms during sexual activity (reduces but doesn’t eliminate risk). 3. Regular screenings for cervical cancer in women.
42
Caused by two types of viruses: HSV-1: Primarily causes oral herpes (cold sores). HSV-2: Primarily causes genital herpes.
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2
43
Causes and Transmission of Herpes
Transmitted through direct contact with herpes sores, saliva, genital fluids, or skin- to-skin contact. Can be spread even when no visible sores are present (asymptomatic shedding).
44
Symptoms of Herpes
Painful blisters or sores around the mouth, genitals, or anus. Itching, tingling, or burning sensations before sores appear. Recurrences are common, triggered by stress, illness, or weakened immunity.
45
Treatment for Herpes
No cure, but antiviral medications (e.g., acyclovir, valacyclovir) reduce symptoms, shorten outbreaks, and lower transmission risk.
46
Prevention for Herpes
Use condoms and avoid sexual contact during outbreaks. Openly communicate with partners about herpes status. Consider daily suppressive therapy for frequent outbreaks or to reduce transmission risk.
47
Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) among women of reproductive age, caused by the protozoan
Trichomonas vaginalis.
48
Causes and Transmission of Trichomoniasis
Transmitted primarily through unprotected vaginal sex. Can infect both men and women, though symptoms are more common in women.
49
Symptoms of Trichomoniasis
Women Vaginal discharge (frothy, yellow-green, with a strong odor). Itching, irritation, or discomfort during urination or sex. Men Often asymptomatic but may have irritation, discharge, or burning during urination.
50
Treatment for Trichomoniasis
Antibiotics, typically metronidazole or tinidazole, taken as a single dose. Both partners should be treated to prevent reinfection.
51
Prevention for Trichomoniasis
Use condoms during sexual activity. Limit sexual partners and ensure mutual testing for STIs. Early treatment to prevent complications and further transmission.
52
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infectious (STI) disease caused by the
bacterium Treponema pallidum.
53
Causes and Transmission of Syphilis
Transmitted through direct contact with syphilitic sores during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Can also be passed from mother to child during pregnancy (congenital syphilis).
54
Symptoms of Syphilis
Primary Stage: Secondary Stage: Latent Stage: Lasts years and decades Tertiary Stage:
55
21 days Painless chancre sores at the infection site (genitals, mouth, or anus).
Primary Stage of Syphilisis
56
4-10 weeks Skin rashes (often on palms/soles), fever,swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, and sore throat.
Secondary Stage of Syphilisis
57
No symptoms, but the infection remains in the body and can progress.
Latent Stage of Syphilisis
58
Severe damage to organs (heart, brain, nerves), leading to complications like paralysis or blindness.
Tertiary Stage of Syphilisis
59
Treatment of Syphilis
Penicillin injections are highly effective, especially in early stages. Regular follow-up testing to confirm cure.
60
Prevention of Syphilis
Use condoms during sexual activity. Regular STI testing for sexually active individuals. Early prenatal screening and treatment to prevent congenital syphilis.

PSYCHOLOGY 2 (8 decks)

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